Railway map of Slovakia. Slovakia map in Russian

Where is Slovakia located on the world map. Detailed map of Slovakia in Russian online. Satellite map of Slovakia with cities and resorts. Slovakia on the world map is a small state in Eastern Europe with its capital in the city of Bratislava. The official language is Slovak, but many residents also speak Czech, Hungarian, English and German.

Detailed map of Slovakia in Russian with cities:

Slovakia - Wikipedia:

Population of Slovakia- 5,443,120 people (2017)
Capital of Slovakia- Bratislava
Largest cities in Slovakia- Bratislava, Kosice, Nitra, Zilina, Presov
Slovakia telephone code - 421
Internet domains of Slovakia- .sk, .eu

Almost the entire territory of Slovakia lies at an altitude of 750 meters above sea level. The mountain system that runs through the north and east of the territory of Slovakia is the Carpathians, the highest point of which reaches an altitude of 2650 meters.

Climatic conditions Slovakia- This is a continental temperate climate type. This climate is characterized by a fairly pronounced delineation of seasons: summers in Slovakia are hot, and winters are quite cold. Average temperatures in summer are +22...+27 C depending on the region, in winter - 0...- 4 C.

Brastilava- not just the capital of Slovakia, but also one of the most interesting cities in the country. Bratislava is home to the old town hall, built in the 13th century, a cathedral, the famous palace with the Hall of Mirrors, a castle, the President's Palace and other impressive sights. There are also many museums in the capital with collections of unique exhibits.

Slovakia- a country that is also famous for its castles, many of which were founded in the 13-14 centuries. The largest castle in Slovakia is Spišský Hrad, founded at the beginning of the 13th century.

Slovakia has a thriving ski tourism destination. Ski resorts in Slovakia are considered one of the most environmentally friendly in all of Europe, and the level of service there is almost the same as in the famous winter resorts of France and Austria. The most famous ski resort in Slovakia is Strbske Pleso, located high in the mountains on the shores of a mountain lake.

Thanks to mineral springs in the country. in Slovakia many health resorts. The Bardejov Baths are considered one of the best in all of Europe, on the territory of which there are about 12 mineral springs.

What to see in Slovakia:

Bratislava Castle, Main Square of Bratislava, Bojnice Castle, Devin, Lubovnjansky Castle, Smokovec, Trencin Castle, Lake Strbske Pleso, Zvolen Castle, AquaCity Water Park, Belianska Cave, Demanovska Cave of Freedom, “Slovak Paradise”, Poloniny, Slovak Mountain Massif Karst, Pezinok Castle, Betliar Castle, Budmerice Castle, Pieniny, Budatin Castle.

Slovakia is a state in the center of Europe. People have lived here since ancient times - it was on the territory of Slovakia that the famous “Neolithic Venus”, famous for its powerful thigh-chested forms, was found. It literally consists of them. Gives a clear idea of ​​what kind of women the ancient Slovaks valued. However, they were not Slovaks then. There were Dacians, Celts and Germans. The Slavs came to this hilly and sometimes mountainous land only in the 5th century. Soon they founded an impressive principality, which remained in history as Great Moravia. However, with its fall, the territory of Slovakia was divided and conquered many times. The most successful was the connection of Slovakia with the neighboring Czech Republic; they successfully complemented each other - the industrially developed Czech Republic, rich in mines, and the agricultural Slovakia, rich in other mines.

During the German occupation, Slovakia belonged to Germany, but after the Second World War, with the help of the USSR, it was restored back. Czechoslovakia was, along with Yugoslavia and the GDR, the most prosperous states of the socialist bloc. Receiving a huge market in the form of the USSR and each other, as well as the masses of Asian, Latin American and African countries that followed the socialist path, they became a forge of electronics and high technology. But their strength rested only on the authority of the weapons of the USSR, just as everything now rests on the authority of American weapons.

Detailed map of Slovakia with cities

Physical map of Slovakia

When the USSR fell under the blows of propaganda, being corroded from within by the intelligentsia, liberals and third-generation nomenklatura, all the countries of the socialist camp fell at once. Slovakia only ten years later began to recover from the introduction of the so-called market economy, the essence of which was exclusively predatory, aimed at the collapse of the state.

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Slovakia for a long time did not want to get closer to Europe, but in the end, it was crushed by the blockade and lack of sales, as well as unemployment. Nevertheless, Slovakia did not break with Russia. Among the consulates of St. Petersburg, there is a consulate of Slovakia. It is located on the shore of the Silver Pond, between the Pionerskaya and Ploshchad Muzhestva metro stations.

SLOVAKIA

(The Slovak Republic)

General information

Geographical position. Slovakia is a Central European state. The state borders Poland, Ukraine, Hungary, Austria and the Czech Republic. Square. The territory of Slovakia covers 49,035 km. sq.

Main cities, administrative divisions. The capital of Slovakia is Bratislava. The largest cities: Bratislava (443 thousand people), Kosice (235 thousand people), Nitrat (90 thousand people), Presov (88 thousand people). Administratively, Slovakia is divided into 3 regions and a capital equivalent to them.

Political system

Slovakia-republic. The head of state is the president. The head of government is the prime minister. The legislative body is the unicameral National Council.

Relief. Most of Slovakia is located in the Western Carpathians, which are low and medium-high mountains with soft, rounded relief shapes. Only the highest massif of the country - the High Tatras - has rocky mountains with traces of glaciation. The lowlands occupy a small area in the southwest.

Geological structure and minerals. On the territory of Slovakia there are deposits of iron ore, antimony, magnesite, and manganese.

Climate. Slovakia has hot summers and cold winters. The sunniest and warmest region of the country is located in the Danube Valley east of Bratislava. The average temperature in January is -2°C, in July +21°C. Summers in the mountains are cooler, and in winter there is a lot of snow. In autumn it rains all over the country.

Inland waters. The rivers mainly belong to the Danube basin. The border between Slovakia and the Czech Republic runs along the Morava River.

Soils and vegetation. Large tracts of deciduous (oak, beech) and coniferous forests cover the mountain slopes.

Animal world. In Slovakia, wolves, lynx, hare, fox, bear, deer, roe deer, and hedgehogs are common.

Population and language

The total number of inhabitants of Slovakia is about 5.5 million people. The average population density is 110 people per 1 sq. km. 77% of Slovaks live in cities. The most densely populated areas are located in the east of the country. There are also about 570 thousand Hungarians currently living in Slovakia, which is 10% of the total population. On the territory of the republic there is the largest Roma diaspora in Europe, amounting to 300 thousand people. Poles, Jews, Russians and Ukrainians also live in Slovakia.

The official language of Slovakia is Slovak.

Religion

About 60% of the population is Catholic. Of the Protestants, the majority are Calvinists and Lutherans, and a small percentage of the population professes the Orthodox religion. The Catholic Church plays a fairly prominent role in the political life of the country.

Brief historical sketch

BIV century n. e. Slavic tribes appeared on the territory of modern Slovakia.

In the VI century. the Slavs had to defend their territory from Arab invasions. During this period, the independent Nitra principality emerged.

19th century Czech princes annexed the lands of the Slovaks to the Great Moravian Empire. The first ruler of this ancient Slavic state was Moimir I. The closest neighbor of his power was the Frankish Empire, from where Christian missionaries came to the Czechs, trying not only to convert the pagan tribes to a new faith, but also to strengthen Frankish influence in the lands of the Slavs. Moymir did not want to submit to his formidable neighbor and, in order to strengthen his own independence, sought to enlist the support of another powerful state of that time - the Byzantine Empire.

Continuing his policy, the next ruler of Great Moravia, Rostislav (846-870), invited two missionaries from Constantinople - Cyril and Methodius. Thanks to the labors of the brothers, Byzantium soon granted the Moravians the privilege of worshiping in Old Church Slavonic and using the Glagolitic script developed by Cyril. Old Church Slavonic became the third world language in Europe, along with Latin and Greek.

During the reign of Rostislav's nephew Svatopluk (871-894), the Slavic state again fell under the influence of Catholicism, the Moravian independent church organization was established not from Constantinople, but from Rome.

In 896, the Magyars began to invade the Czech lands. The Great Moravian Empire practically ceased to exist.

At the beginning of the 11th century. part of the territory of Slovakia was captured by the Hungarian princes, and by 1018 almost its entire territory became part of the Kingdom of Hungary.

In the 13th century Hungary entered a period of feudal fragmentation. For this reason, its rulers were unable to repel the invasion of the Tatars in 1241, after which the southwestern and southeastern regions of the Slovak lands suffered especially; they were completely devastated.

In 1298, the major Hungarian feudal lord Matus Csaka, with the support of the minor nobility, took possession of the territory of western and central Slovakia and helped the Czech king Wenceslas II gain a foothold on the Hungarian throne for several years.

In the middle of the 15th century. The Ottoman Empire began invading Hungarian territory.

In 1526, the Turks inflicted a decisive defeat on the Hungarian-Slovak army at the Battle of Mohács. The capital of the Kingdom of Hungary was moved from Buda to Bratislava.

In the middle of the 16th century. The Habsburgs took possession of the Hungarian crown, and Slovakia became part of the vast Austrian Empire.

In the middle of the 19th century. Ludovit Štur (1815-1856), son of a pastor, created the Slovak literary language.

In 1918, the Slovaks recognized the provisional government of Tomas Masaryk, as a result of which Czechoslovakia was formed.

In 1918, the President of the Republic, Tomas Masaryk, while signing the law on Slovak immigrants to the United States, promised the imminent formation of an independent Slovak parliament.

In 1920, the constitution of a united Czechoslovakia was adopted, the official language of which was declared Czech.

In the 1935 parliamentary elections, the majority of Slovaks gave their votes to political organizations that advocated autonomy.

In 1938, under strong public pressure, the autonomy of Slovakia within Czechoslovakia was proclaimed.

In 1939, after the capture of Czechoslovakia by German troops, a protectorate regime was established in Slovakia, and it formally gained independence. The country was led by the pro-fascist leader J. Tiso.

In August 1944, Slovak partisans organized a national uprising, which was brutally suppressed in October of the same year.

In April 1945, Soviet troops began the liberation of Slovakia; by May 1945, Bratislava was liberated.

In 1947, due to the deterioration of the economic situation in the country, the Communists began to lose the support of broad sections of the population.

In 1948, the so-called February victory of the communists took place, when, after twelve non-communist ministers resigned, Gottwald achieved the approval of a new government, in which there were no longer representatives of other parties.

In the 90s, serious reforms were carried out in the post-communist republic to transfer the national economy to market principles, in particular, the privatization of state property.

In April 1990, the Federal Assembly announced the new name of the state: the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic.

Market reforms in Slovakia were much more difficult than in the more economically developed Czech Republic.

In 1992, in a referendum, the majority of the population of Slovakia voted to secede from Czechoslovakia.

Brief Economic Sketch

Slovakia is an industrial-agrarian country. Ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, engineering, oil refining, petrochemical, chemical, forestry, woodworking, textile, food industries. Agriculture is dominated by farming (cereals, sugar beets, etc.). Gardening, viticulture. Meat and dairy cattle breeding. Export: machinery and equipment, products of the oil refining, chemical and woodworking industries, agriculture, etc.

The monetary unit is the Slovak koruna.

Brief sketch of culture

Art and architecture. Monuments of primitive art, as well as ancient Roman buildings from the first centuries of our era, have been preserved on the territory of Slovakia. Since the Middle Ages, the development of Slovak art took place in the context of a centuries-old struggle for the preservation of national culture.

The first architectural monuments date back to the early Middle Ages. Romanesque buildings of the 11th-12th centuries: a single-hall church in Drazovce, a basilica in Djakovce, as well as a number of castles. In the XIII-XV centuries. In Slovakia, Gothic architecture is developing, which in its architectural features is close to the Czech architectural tradition. Cathedrals in Bratislava, churches in Kremnica and Presov have survived to this day. In the 16th century Secular architecture took the leading place. During this period, town halls and residential buildings were built in the spirit of the Renaissance, and castles were rebuilt. In the XVII-XVIII centuries. Baroque art spreads in Slovakia (Trinity Church in Bratislava). IN THE HEH century. Slovak architecture was characterized by classicism.

Bratislava. Stary Grad, St. Martin's Cathedral (XIV century), church of the XIII century, old town hall (XIV century). Kosice. Cathedral of St. Elizabeth (XV century). Nitra. Castle (XIII century), Basilica of St. Emeram (XIII century).

Numerous medieval castles throughout the country.

Literature. J. Kollar (1793-1852) was a figure of the Slovak and Czech national Renaissance, poet, scientist, in poems (“Daughter of Glory”) and articles he spoke with a program for the cultural rapprochement of the Slavs.

Music. By the second half of the 19th century. refers to the activities of a galaxy of talented composers who laid the foundations of modern Slovak music. The largest of them is YAL. Bella (1843-1936).