Temple of Artemis at Ephesus
The Colossus of Rhodes
mausoleum in Halicarnassus
Alexandrian lighthouse
Great Pyramid of Giza
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
Zeus statue in Olympia

The Pyramid of Cheops

Built in 2550 BC e.
Location: Giza (Egypt).
Creators: Egyptians.
The only one of the "miracles" that has survived to this day.
Purpose of the structure: the tomb of Pharaoh Cheops.

For the construction of the Great
pyramids 100,000 people
it took 20 years. She
was created from more than
2 million stone
blocks, each of which
weighed at least 2.5 tons.
The workers dragged them to
place using ramps,
blocks and levers and then
adjusted to each other, without
solution. Upon completion
works Great Pyramid
rose 147 meters.

Now its top has collapsed. Only one pyramid
son Khufu at the very top preserved the limestone
facing.
Egyptian pyramid is the oldest of the Seven Wonders
antiquities. This is the only miracle that has survived to
our days. During its creation, the Great Pyramid
was the tallest structure in the world. And kept
she has this record for almost 4000 years.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Built in 600 BC e.
Location: Babylon (Iraq)
Creators: Babylonians
Destroyed: After the 1st century BC e.

Purpose of buildings: They were created for the king's wife
Nebuchadnezzar II ..

The Hanging Gardens were one of the most famous curiosities
the ancient city of Babylon. However, although archaeologists have found
the alleged ruins of the gardens, to prove that this is exactly
they are, impossible. We only know one thing: gardens
really existed because people saw and
described them.

Zeus statue in Olympia

Built: 435 BC e.,
sculptor Phidias
Place: Olympia (Greece)
Creators: Greeks
Destroyed: V-VI centuries.
Reason for destruction: burned down in Constantinople during
the time of the fire at the Hippodrome in the 5th century
Purpose of the structure: temple statue in the temple of Zeus in
Olympia

In 462 A.D. the palace in which the statue stood was
destroyed by fire.
An earthquake struck the Olympic region in the 6th century.
The temple was destroyed by floods, and its remains are covered
silt.

Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

Built: 550 BC e.
Location: Ephesus (Turkey)
Creators: Lydians,
Greeks, Persians
Destroyed: 370 BC e.
356 BC e. (Herostratus)
or 262 AD e. (goths)
Cause of destruction: fire
Purpose of the structure: was built in honor of the goddess
Artemis

Two hundred years later, in 356 BC. BC, the temple was burned
to the ground by a man named Herostratus.
Years later, Alexander the Great visited Ephesus and ordered
restore the temple. Temple of Alexander existed until ///
century AD e.

Today from the temple at Ephesus
only
several blocks
grounds and one
restored column.

mausoleum in Halicarnassus

Built: 351 BC e.
Location: Halicarnassus
(in southwestern Turkey)
Creators: Carians,
Persians, Greeks
Destroyed: 1494
Cause of destruction: earthquake; preserved:
foundations, architectural fragments; in british
Museum in London - statues of Mavsol and his wife
Artemisia, reliefs, statues of lions
Purpose of the structure: was erected as a tombstone
a monument to the Carian ruler Mavsol by his wife -
Queen Artemisia

Eighteen later
centuries old earthquake
destroyed the Mausoleum before
grounds. Three hundred more years
passed before
archaeologists have started
excavation. In 1857, all
finds were transported
to the British Museum in
London. Now in place
where once was
Mausoleum, only
a handful of stones.

The Colossus of Rhodes

Built: Between 292 and 280 BC e.
Location: Rhodes (Greece)
Creators: Greeks
Destroyed: 224 (or 226) BC e.
the bronze case was
dismantled in 654 AD e.
Cause of destruction: earthquake
Purpose of the structure: was installed by a sculptor
Hares to perpetuate the memory of the victory of Rhodes
over Demetrius Poliorketes (304 BC)

We don't know exactly how
what the statue looked like and where is it
stood.
The statue was made from
bronze and reached in
a height of about 33 meters.
She was created
sculptor Hareth, on
its construction took 12
years.

Alexandrian lighthouse

Built: 3rd century BC e.
Location: Alexandria (Egypt)
Creators: Ptolemaic Dynasty
Destroyed: 303 BC AD - 1480 AD
(stood for 1500 years)
Cause of destruction: earthquake
Purpose of the structure: the light of this lighthouse was very
useful for shipping.

BUT THE MOST IMPORTANT 7 WONDERS OF THE WORLD THIS
1. SEE
2. HEAR
3. TOUCH
4. TRY
5. FEEL
6. LAUGH
7. LOVE

Presentation: Seven Wonders of the World

Prepared
student 4 B class
secondary school number 4
Imanova Sabina
Classroom teacher
Hasanova Sabina
Thank you for your attention

Croesus was the last king of Lydia, an ancient region in Asia Minor that is part of what is now Turkey. It was famous for its immense wealth and in 560 BC. he built a magnificent temple in Ephesus. The city itself was founded a thousand years earlier. According to legend, its founders were the Amazons - a tribe of women warriors. THE GREAT MARBLE TEMPLE Croesus decided to build a temple in honor of the moon goddess, patroness of animals and young girls. The Greeks called her Artemis, and the Romans called her Diana. The temple was built from limestone and marble quarried by workers in the nearby mountains. The load-bearing structures of the temple consisted of about 120 marble columns. The giant columns reached a height of 20 meters. The huge blocks from which they were formed had to be put in place using blocks, after which they were fastened with metal pins. When the building was covered with a roof, the artists gave it a finished look, decorating it with sculptures and ornaments. In the center of the temple stood a statue of Artemis. It was one of the largest temples of the classics, much larger than the Parthenon, later built in Athens. The platform on which he stood was 131 meters long and 79 meters wide.

Slide 2

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Pyramids of Giza Hanging Gardens of Babylon Statue of Zeus at Olympia Temple of Artemis at Ephesus Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Colossus of Rhodes Lighthouse of Alexandria

Slide 3

Pyramids of Giza

The Giza pyramid complex is a complex of ancient monuments on the Giza plateau in the suburbs of Cairo, the modern capital of Egypt. It is located about 8 km towards the center of the Libyan Desert from the old city of Giza on the Nile River, about 25 km southwest of the center of Cairo. It is believed that the buildings were created in the Old Kingdom Ancient egypt during the reign of IV-VI dynasties (XXVI-XXIII centuries BC).

Slide 4

These pyramids have undergone minor changes these days. This is the only miracle that has survived to this day.

Slide 5

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon are one of the Seven Wonders of the World. A more correct name for this structure is the Hanging Gardens of Amitis (according to other sources - Amanis): this was the name of the wife of the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II, for whose sake the gardens were created. Presumably located in the ancient state of Babylon, near the modern city of Hill. According to an alternative version, based on re-deciphering the cuneiform tablets, they could have been located in Nineveh, the capital of the Assyrian kingdom, and were built at the beginning of the 7th century BC.

Slide 6

In the 1st century. BC e. The flood destroyed the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the bricks of the hastily built gardens were not sufficiently burnt, high columns collapsed, platforms and stairs collapsed.

Slide 7

Zeus statue in Olympia

The statue of Zeus in Olympia is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the World located in the mainland of Europe (in the city of Olympia). Statue of Zeus at Olympia - the third wonder of the world Of the ancient world... It was erected in the 5th century BC. Marble Zeus surpassed in size all temples existing at that time. The massive roof of the building measuring 27 by 64 m was supported by columns made of limestone. The feats of Zeus were depicted on the marble pediments of the temple. The statue of Zeus was erected by Phidias.

Slide 8

The last mention of the statue dates back to 363 AD. e. In the XI century, the Byzantine historian Georgy Kedrin, recorded a local "legend", according to which at the beginning of the V century AD. e. the statue of Zeus was still intact. According to him, she was either transported to Constantinople, where she burned down during a fire in 476, or she was not transported anywhere, and she died along with the temple from the fire in 425.

Slide 9

Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

Temple of Artemis in Ephesus - one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, was located in Greek city Ephesus on the coast of Asia Minor (currently the city of Selcuk in the south of Izmir province, Turkey). The first large temple was built in the middle of the 6th century BC. e.

Slide 10

According to legend, in 356 BC. e. a certain conceited citizen of Ephesus named Herostratus set fire to the great temple, thus wishing to become famous. Later in 263, the sanctuary of Artemis was sacked by the Goths. During the reign of Emperor Theodosius I, when in 391-392 all pagan cults were banned, the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus was closed. A church was built on the site of the temple, which later also collapsed.

Slide 11

mausoleum in Halicarnassus

The Halicarnassus mausoleum (Greek ΜαυσωλείοτηςΑλικαρνασσού; tur. HalikarnasMozolesi) is a tombstone of the Carian ruler Mavsol (Greek Μαύσωλος), built in the middle of the 4th century BC. e. by order of his wife Artemisia III in Halicarnassus, modern Bodrum (Turkey), one of the ancient wonders of the world. As a structure, it was a complex combination of the dynastic monument of the Hecatomnids, the heroon and the tomb of Mavsol.

Slide 12

The mausoleum stood for 19 centuries. In the XIII century, it collapsed from a strong earthquake, and in 1522 the remains of the Mausoleum were dismantled by the knights-John for the construction of the fortress of St. Peter. In 1846, the ruins were explored by the British Museum expedition led by Charles Thomas Newton. Based on the results of the research, several versions of the reconstruction of the original appearance were drawn up, one of which was the basis for the Grant mausoleum in Manhattan.

Slide 13

The Colossus of Rhodes

The Colossus of Rhodes (Greek ΚολοσσόςτηςΡόδου, Latin ColossusRhodi) is a giant statue of the ancient Greek God of the Sun - Helios, which stood in the port city of Rhodes, located on the island of the same name in the Aegean Sea, Greece. One of the "Seven Wonders of the World".

Slide 14

The colossus stood for sixty-five years. In 222 or 226 BC. e. the statue was destroyed by the Rhodes earthquake. The wreckage of the colossus lay on the ground for over a thousand years, until finally they were sold by the Arabs, who captured Rhodes in 977, to a merchant who, according to one of the chronicles, loaded them with 900 camels. There was a legend: when the statue of the Colossus of Rhodes was erected, an earthquake happened, after which it collapsed. The statue was rebuilt again, and again there was an earthquake. The sages said that if the people erect a statue again, then the island of Rhodes will go under the water.

Slide 15

Alexandrian lighthouse

Lighthouse of Alexandria (Pharos lighthouse) - a lighthouse built in the III century BC. e. on the island of Pharos near the Egyptian city of Alexandria, one of the 7 wonders of the world.

Slide 16

By the XII century A.D. e. the bay of Alexandria became so muddy that ships could no longer use it. The lighthouse fell into disrepair. The bronze plates, which served as mirrors, were probably melted down into coins. In the XIV century, the lighthouse was completely destroyed by an earthquake. A few years later, its fragments were used to build a fortress. The fortress was subsequently rebuilt more than once. In 2015, the Egyptian authorities approved a project to rebuild the lighthouse.

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Presentation - Seven Wonders of the World

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Completed by: Igumenova I.S.

The seven wonders of the world are oldest monuments architecture, which are rightfully considered the greatest creations of human hands. The number 7 was chosen for a reason.
It belonged to Apollo and was a symbol of completeness, completeness and perfection. At the same time, the traditional genre of Hellenistic poetry was the glorification of the list of the most famous cultural figures - poets, philosophers, kings, military leaders, etc.

The classic list of the Seven Wonders of the World dates back to the 3rd century BC. It included the greatest architectural, historical and cultural monuments of the ancient world. But the years passed, and more and more curiosities appeared in the world, which today can also be considered Wonders of the World, that is, the most outstanding creations of man.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon Temple of Artemis in Ephesus Statue of Zeus Olympic Mausoleum in Halicarnassus Lighthouse of Alexandria on Pharos Island Colossus of Rhodes Pyramid of Cheops in Giza
Old 7 wonders of the world

New 7 wonders of the world
Great Wall of China Taj Mahal Roman Colosseum Ancient Inca city Machu Picchu in Peru Rock-cut complex Petra in Jordan Ancient Mayan pyramid Chichen Itza Christ statue in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

The Great Wall of China is an architectural monument in northern China. The total length of all its lines is 6350 km. Construction began in the 3rd century. BC. during the reign of Emperor Qin Shih Huang. A fifth of the then population of the country took part in the construction, i.e. about a million people. The wall was supposed to serve as the extreme northern line of the possible expansion of the Chinese themselves; it was supposed to protect the subjects of the "Middle Empire" from the transition to a semi-nomadic lifestyle, from merging with the barbarians. The wall was supposed to clearly fix the boundaries of Chinese civilization, contribute to the consolidation of a single empire, just made up of a number of conquered kingdoms. The wall is a symbol of China for both Chinese and foreigners. At the entrance to the restored part of the Wall, you can see the inscription made by Mao Tse Tung: "If you have not visited the Great Chinese Wall- you are not a real Chinese. "

It is located in the city of Agra in the north of Central India. It is considered the pearl of Indo-Islamic architecture. The Mughal ruler Shah Jahan (1592-1666, ruled 1627-1658) erected this monument as the tomb of his beloved wife Arjumand Banu, better known by her title Mumtaz Mahal or Taj Mahal (Crown of the Palace), who died in 1631. A platform with high (41 m) minarets at four corners is raised across the entire river side. On the western side of the platform there is a mosque, on the eastern side there is a reception hall (house for visitors). In the center of the platform is a tomb, which has a square in plan with beveled corners. The designs for the tomb were prepared by the finest architects of the Mughal Empire. The mausoleum is located in the center of a vast rectangular area (length 600 m, width 300 m).

The Colosseum is one of the most magnificent amphitheaters ever built by man. This famous ancient Roman monument to this day rises in the middle of the modern buildings of the Italian capital. Very for a long time The Colosseum played a very important cultural role in the life of the townspeople and guests of Rome. A huge number of people gathered in its stands, who longed for one thing - bright and exciting spectacles. It was here that gladiator fights and animal baiting took place, sports competitions

The city is located at the top of a mountain range at an altitude of 2,057 meters above the valley of the Urubamba River in what is now Peru. Machu Picchu (literally "old peak") is sometimes called the "lost city of the Incas". This city was created as a sacred mountain refuge by the great Inca ruler Pachacutec a century before the conquest of his empire, that is, around 1440, and functioned until 1532, when the Spanish invaded the territory of the Inca empire. In 1532, all of its inhabitants mysteriously disappeared. The conquistadors never made it to Machu Picchu. This city has not been destroyed. But we don't know much about him. Neither the number of inhabitants, nor even its real name is known.

Petra is one of the most significant sights of Jordan, included by UNESCO in the list of the world cultural heritage... This is a city carved into the mountain, for the unique shade of the rocks they call Pink city... It is believed that Petra was built by the Nabateans, nomadic tribes who lived in the desert and attacked caravans. In the 7th century. BC. they built this city and settled in it. El-Khazne (Kazna) - the most famous monument of Petra, built in the 1st century. BC. The houses of Petra were carved into the rock at different levels. They are connected by streets and terraces. Here you can also see monasteries, baths, tombs, an amphitheater for 3000 seats. The facade of the Treasury became world famous after the release of the film about Indiana Jones, as the final shots were filmed against it. The monumental structure is 30 meters wide and 43 meters high.

Chichen Itza - sacred city of the Maya - located 75 miles in eastward from Merida - the capital of Yucatan. Archaeologists believe ancient settlement covering an area of ​​about 6 square miles, one of the greatest in the world architectural monuments... Previously, there were several hundred buildings, but most of them have not survived to this day. The surviving buildings, of which there are about 30, are of great interest to archaeologists, scientists and researchers.

The statue of Christ the Savior is national treasure and a national Brazilian shrine. The idea of ​​this building originated in 1922, when the centenary of Brazil's independence was celebrated. A well-known weekly then announced a design competition for the best monument - a symbol of the nation. The winner, Hector da Silva Costa, put forward the idea of ​​a sculptural image of Christ with his arms outstretched and embracing the entire city. This gesture expresses compassion and at the same time joyful pride. The idea of ​​da Silva was accepted by the public with enthusiasm also because it crossed out the previous plan to erect a grandiose monument to Christopher Columbus on Mount Pan di Asucar. The church immediately got involved in the business, organizing a collection of donations throughout the country in order to finance the implementation of the project.

Nebuchadnezzar, who was very fond of his young wife, the Median princess Amitis, knowing that she misses her homeland, ordered to build amazing blooming gardens for her. Hanging gardens adorned the northwestern part of Nebuchadnezzar's five-tiered palace. Slaves spent whole days spinning water-lifting wheels and scooping up water from the river with leather buckets to irrigate the royal gardens.
After the death of Nebuchadnezzar, his beloved queen and conqueror Alexander the Great, Babylon was abandoned, and the wonder of the world was destroyed by a flood.

The temple was built in the 6th century. BC. in honor of the great goddess Artemis. It was built many times, but the wooden buildings either burned down or decayed, a competition was announced among the architects for the construction of a new temple, which was won by the famous Khersifron. The temple was completed only in 450 BC. Almost 100 years later, in 356 BC. Herostratus burned down the temple, thus trying to immortalize his name. It was decided to restore the temple. The architect Heirokrat increased the size of the temple and rebuilt it in a matter of years. It was this second temple that became the wonder of the world. In 263 A.D. it was plundered by the Goths.

Created by Phidias, this is the only wonder of the world that came to the European mainland. The statue of Zeus was in the temple: the god of Olympus, sitting on a throne at the end of the hall, propped up the ceiling with his head. It is believed that the statue rose 17 meters in height. Zeus topless was made of wood. His body was covered with ivory plates, his clothes were golden sheets, in one hand he held a golden statue of Nike, the goddess of victory, with the other leaning on a high rod. Subsequently, the Byzantine emperors transported the statue to Constantinople with all precautions. In the V century. AD the palace of the emperor Theodosius II burned down, and with it the wonder of the world burned down.

The mausoleum was built by the order of the sister and wife of the ruler Mavsol Artemisia after his death. Scientists argue that the mausoleum may have begun to be built during the life of Mavsol, and Artemisia had just completed the construction. Pliny claims that the mausoleum reached a height of 60 meters, other authors give either higher or lower figures. In 1522 the mausoleum was plundered by the Turks.

The lighthouse was built on the approach to Alexandria due to the fact that the harbor there was shallow and rocky. The construction took only 5 years. The lighthouse turned out in the form of a three-storey tower 120 meters high, at the base it was a square with a side of 30 meters, the first 60-meter floor of the tower was built of stone slabs and supported a forty-meter eight-sided tower faced with white marble. On the third floor, in a round, pillared tower, a huge bonfire was always burning, reflected by a complex system of mirrors. Firewood was brought up a spiral staircase, so flat and wide that donkey carts drove up to a height of 100 meters. With the fall of the Roman Empire, it ceased to shine, but the walls of the lower floor still stood for a long time, which collapsed from an earthquake in the 4th century.

The idea to create the statue was born in the spring of 304 BC, when the inhabitants of a small island wanted to pay tribute to the god Helios, the patron saint of Rhodes. They decided to entrust the sculpture to the sculptor Khares. He has been building the statue for 12 years. Half a century later, a strong earthquake that destroyed Rhodes, knocked the colossus to the ground. For a thousand years the shattered colossus lay near Rhodes, until in 977 the Arab governor, in need of money, sold it to the merchants.

The only surviving wonder of the world is the Cheops pyramid. Pharaoh Cheops planned to build his own tomb during his lifetime. To the capital Memphis, according to the Greek historian Herodotus, who lived in the 5th century. BC, drove up to 100 thousand people. It took about 30 years to build. The height of the pyramid is about 147 m, and the side of the base is 230 meters.

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2 slide

Pyramid of Cheops Built in 2550 BC. e. Location: Giza (Egypt). Creators: Egyptians. The only one of the "miracles" that has survived to this day. Purpose of the structure: the tomb of Pharaoh Cheops.

3 slide

Hanging Gardens of Babylon Built in 600 BC. e. Place: Babylon (Iraq) Creators: Babylonians Destroyed: After the 1st century BC e. Reason for destruction: earthquake Purpose of structures: They were created for the wife of King Nebuchadnezzar II ..

4 slide

Statue of Zeus at Olympia Built: 435 BC BC, sculptor Phidias Place: Olympia (Greece) Creators: Greeks Destroyed: V-VI centuries. Reason for destruction: burned down in Constantinople during a fire at the Hippodrome in the 5th century. Purpose of the structure: temple statue in the Temple of Zeus at Olympia

5 slide

Temple of Artemis at Ephesus Built: 550 BC e. Location: Ephesus (Turkey) Creators: Lydians, Greeks, Persians Destroyed: 370 BC e. 356 BC e. (Herostratus) or AD 262 e. (Goths) Reason for destruction: fire Purpose of structure: was built in honor of the goddess Artemis

6 slide

Mausoleum at Halicarnassus Built: 351 BC e. Place: Halicarnassus (in the south-west of Turkey) Creators: Carians, Persians, Greeks Destroyed: 1494 Cause of destruction: earthquake; preserved: foundations, architectural fragments; in the British Museum in London - statues of Mavsol and his wife Artemisia, reliefs, statues of lions Purpose of the structure: it was erected as a tombstone of the Carian ruler Mausol by his wife, Queen Artemisia

7 slide

Colossus of Rhodes Built: between 292 and 280 BC e. Location: Rhodes (Greece) Creators: Greeks Destroyed: 224 (or 226) BC e. the bronze case was dismantled in 654 AD. e. Reason for destruction: earthquake Purpose of the structure: was installed by the sculptor Hares to perpetuate the memory of the victory of Rhodes over Demetrius Poliorketus (304 BC)

8 slide

Lighthouse of Alexandria Built: 3rd century BC e. Place: Alexandria (Egypt) Creators: Ptolemaic Dynasty Destroyed: 303. BC AD - 1480 AD (stood for 1500 years) Cause of destruction: earthquake Purpose of the structure: the light of this lighthouse was very useful for navigation.