Interesting facts about the Zhiguli mountains. Legends of the Zhiguli mountains

The bend of the great Russian river located on the Middle Volga, the northern part of which is occupied by the Zhiguli Mountains, is considered by ufologists all over the world to be one of the points on the map of Russia where unusual and largely mysterious processes manifest themselves ten times more often than in other regions of the planet. However, the old-timers of this region have not been surprised by various kinds of secrets for a long time.

Local tales and epics abound with the most incredible miracles, and it is not surprising that Samara explorers native language began to write them back in the 19th century. At the same time, folklorists even then noted that although some of the Zhiguli folk legends in some way echoes the Ural, Bashkir, Mordovian and Tatar legends, yet most of them have no analogues in the oral folk art of the peoples of all European Russia.

Particularly interesting is the collective character from these legends - the so-called UNDERGROUND ELDERS. According to legends, this is a mysterious caste of hermits who live in caves unknown to the human eye and possess hidden knowledge, as well as amazing abilities. Outwardly, they look like fine-looking gray-haired old men who can suddenly appear and disappear right in front of a lonely traveler. There is information that legends about the same elders can be found not only in Zhiguli, but also in a number of other places in Russia, which are among the so-called "geographic points with increased anomalies."

According to many testimonies, underground elders from different regions of our country constantly communicate with each other. This is how, for example, these mysterious underground hermits are described in the novel by P.I. Melnikov (Andrei Pechersky) "In the woods": "The Kirillovy mountains are parting ... The elders are stupid, they worship the sailors in the belt, they ask to take their bows, kissing the brothers of the Zhigulevsky mountains in absentia ..." SVETLOYAR, which is also considered one of the most pronounced abnormal zones Russia.

In all legends, mysterious elders act as keepers of peace in the area they patronize. At the same time, hermits strive to keep the local nature intact, and sometimes they come to the aid of victims of attacks by robbers or unjustly offended people. However, it also happens that the elders go out "to the people" to communicate some important, in their opinion, information. These are not necessarily predictions about some great and tragic events, although there is information that they, for example, informed people about the coming first and second world wars. Sometimes the elders provide the world with very "ordinary" information, usually of a moral and ethical or even ecological nature.
There is one interesting fact, which can also be compared with reports of underground hermits. The guidebook by the Kuibyshev author A. Sobolev "Zhigulevskaya Around the World", published back in 1965, contains the following lines: "In the area of ​​the village of Perevoloki, at the end of the 19th century, caves were discovered, the entrances to which looked like doors. Caves with windows, niches in the walls, vaulted ceiling.

Scientists from the Samara non-governmental research organization "Avesta" have been studying anomalous phenomena that are regularly observed in the vicinity of the Zhigulevsky mountains for about three decades. The explanation for such phenomena, oddly enough, researchers regularly find in ... local folklore.

How Samarskaya Luka came into being

Scientists of "Avesta" have already collected a lot of evidence for the original hypothesis, the essence of which is as follows. The steep bend, located in the middle reaches of the Volga and called the Samara Luka, owes its origin ... engineering activities alien mind.

Here is what the president of Avesta, engineer Igor Pavlovich, says about this:
- Have you ever thought about such a geographic mystery: why did the Volga River in its middle course suddenly need to bend around the small (only a hundred kilometers long) Zhigulevskaya mountain range in a ring? It would seem that the river waters, in accordance with the laws of physics, instead of creating this kind of "loops" should have shortened their path and headed east of the Zhiguli, along the places where the Usa river bed now passes. But no - this mountain range, tiny by geographic standards, made of soft limestone and dolomite, for millions of years has been demonstrating unprecedented resistance to the Volga waters every second running into it ...

The "Avesta" suppose that in the thickness of the Zhiguli mountains at great depths for many millions of years a certain technical device, once created by the ancient super-civilization, has been working. This device creates a kind of force field around itself, which just prevents the flow of water flows through the mountain range. That is why the Volga for all these millions of years has been forced to go around the Zhigulevskie mountains, making in its middle course a strange bend in the form of a semicircle, which is now called the Samarskaya Luka.

Most likely, this hypothetical geomachine is a kind of clot of force fields - electromagnetic, gravitational, biological or others, which are not yet known to us. It is these fields that have been helping the Zhiguli limestones (which, as you know, are very susceptible to erosion by water) for more than ten million years, keep the ancient river bed in a stable position, preventing even its slight displacement.

The question is, why is all this necessary for a hypothetical extraterrestrial civilization? Apparently, in order for the underground energy complex to work uninterruptedly for millions of years, feeding the extra-dimensional channel connecting their world with the earth's surface. Such a channel can play the role of a kind of television camera through which a distant civilization sees everything that happens on our planet. This is evidenced by strange mirages that are regularly observed in the sky over Samarskaya Luka, as well as over some other points of our planet.

Geological confirmation

Sergei Markelov, associate professor of the Samara Aerospace University, candidate of technical sciences, analyst of the Avesta group, comments on Igor Pavlovich's words.

While reading an article on the geological structure of the Volga-Ural region in one of the scientific collections published by Moscow State University in 1962, I found a strange scheme in it. It showed a section of the earth's layers in the area of ​​Samarskaya Luka, which turned out to be very similar to the contours of ... a giant condenser! Everyone will easily remember from the school physics course how this electrical device works: between the parallel metal plates, an electric charge accumulates, and its value is limited only by the breakdown strength of the gasket between the plates.

In the earth's crust under Samarskaya Luka, the role of such plates is played by parallel electrically conductive layers, between which there are limestones and dolomites. The dimensions of this capacitor are amazing - its length is about 70 kilometers! In fact, here we see the material embodiment of the very energy geomachine that Igor Pavlovich spoke about above.

Calculations show that between the plates of the "Zhiguli capacitor"
for a long time to exist an electric field with gigantic parameters of intensity. If necessary, the electric charge can be easily consumed for a variety of purposes. By the way, as can be seen from the device of this gigantic "device", not a single sensor located outside the "storage" will be able to show the presence of electricity in the depths of the earth's crust in this area.

Geological evidence suggests that the very existence of such a colossal underground condenser is a unique phenomenon in the crust of our planet. Until now, none of the venerable geologists have ever met such a structure of the earth's strata. One can, of course, talk about the natural origin of this unique geological object, but with equal probability one can talk about the role of the unknown mind in its origin.

According to the hypothesis put forward, the activity of a hypothetical underground geomachine in the area of ​​the Zhigulevsky mountains, most likely, causes mysterious phenomena in these places - chronomy-rages. Local peasants observed ghostly cities, castles and flying islands in the sky hundreds of years ago, and during this time, numerous epics and legends were formed on their basis. Here is one of these descriptions from the Avesta collection:

“A luminous square suddenly appeared on the clouds, and an image of a stepped pyramid appeared inside it. She was standing on some kind of plateau, which fell abruptly downward. A valley was observed under the mountain, crossed by a river. In this case, the line of sight was tilted to the plane of the valley by about 15 degrees. The impression was that the valley, the river and the pyramid were observed from the side of an airplane flying at an altitude of 8-10 kilometers. "

The most famous of these phenomena is the mirage of the Peaceful City, which is most often told by tourists vacationing near the Molodetsky and Usinsky burial mounds. Other ghosts from the same row are Fortress of Five Moons, White Church, Fata Morgana and others. These anomalies are sometimes observed among the vast lake labyrinths that stretch between the villages of Mordovo and Brusyany, in the very south of Samarskaya Luka. According to observers, here at dawn a ghost town may suddenly appear in front of the astonished traveler, only to disappear again in a minute or two.

Traces of a disappeared people

By all indications, the hypothetical alien intelligence in its activities on our planet relied on a certain terrestrial civilization, which, in exchange for cooperation, received from aliens incredible technical knowledge and unprecedented materials, traces of which archaeologists regularly find in the most unexpected places. What exactly this collaboration was and why extraterrestrial intelligence needed it, researchers have yet to unravel.

However, the aliens, as it turns out, were far from always able to help their earthly partners. So, from ancient legends it follows that the Samara Luka peninsula, surrounded by water on almost all sides, several thousand years ago became the last stronghold of some great race of fire worshipers. Squeezed by hostile tribes, these people eventually got to Zhigulevsky mountain range, where they were able to safely hide from persecution in hard-to-reach caves and mountain gorges. The strange underground people, the mention of which can be found in the Zhiguli legends and traditions, most likely, were precisely the remnants of that very great ancient race that for thousands of years served the alien mind with faith and truth.

Information about a mysterious civilization, very developed for its time and completely unexpectedly disappeared from the face of the earth, is quite consistent with the existence in the South Urals, on the territory of the modern Chelyabinsk region, the hypothetical city of Arkaim, which, apparently, was the largest cultural and economic center of this ancient people... For example, the people of Arkaim knew metallurgical production well thousands of years ago, which indicates a high level of their knowledge.

According to archaeological data, in the second millennium BC Arkaim, for an unknown reason, literally ceased to exist in one day. Following this, the mysterious civilization that gave birth to it very quickly disappeared from the expanses of the East European Plain. It is the remnants of these tribes-fire-worshipers, as it is assumed, and took refuge in the caves of the Samara Luke, in order to subsequently found here that very underground race. However, this is again just a hypothesis.

Volga "boils"

Samarskaya Luka is one of most interesting monuments nature and history. The Volga, meeting the Zhigulevsky mountains on its way, changed its course, flowed eastward. Passing along the ridge, the river passed the Zhigulevskaya gate and again rushed south, forming a bend 220 kilometers long. She was named Samarskaya Luka. The river Will seat the bow into two parts: east and west. We are primarily interested in East End, almost an island, washed by the waters of the Volga and Usa: near the village of Perevoloki, the rivers are separated from each other by only a small isthmus, less than three kilometers. The mountainous terrain, covered with forests, indented by deep ravines and surrounded on almost all sides by water, has attracted the attention of people for a long time. Archaeologists have discovered here traces of several settlements, founded more than three thousand years ago, near the villages of Morkvashi, Shiryaevo, Vinnovka, Lbische. People were engaged in hunting, beekeeping, fishing, agriculture. V different years The Samara Luka was owned by the Khazars, Bulgars. In 1236, the hordes of the Mongol-Tatar khan Batu marched along it, devastating these lands. But a holy place is never empty. In the 16th century, fugitive peasants, free people, and Cossacks began to come here. The Volga waterway near the Samarskaya Luka became the scene of robberies. Ushkuyniki (as they were often called by the type of ships they used) attacked rich merchant caravans, mainly going from the lower reaches of the Volga and the Caspian. If the attempt to seize the goods did not succeed, they dragged (hence the name of the village of Perevoloki) their boats to the Usu River and floated downstream along it to meet the merchants at the Zhigulevsky gate. There is a version that after the murder of the Persian ambassador in the lower reaches of the Volga by the people of Ataman Ermak, Tsar Ivan the Terrible ordered to exterminate them mercilessly. The Cossacks went to Samarskaya Luka, where the atamans Ivan Koltso, Barbosha, Mitya Britousov and Ermak himself founded their camps. Samara architect and ethnographer Emelyan Filimonovich Guryanov considered this version quite realistic and thirty years ago he tried to substantiate it. Studying the fortification system on Mount Lbische, inaccessible from the Volga, he came to the conclusion that it was arranged very competently and could withstand cannon fire. By decree of Ivan the Terrible, in the fall of 1578, a special detachment was equipped, which was supposed to go “on ships and on land on horseback” to Astrakhan, and torture, execute and hang those thieves. The Stroganov merchants, knowing about such a decision of the tsar, invited Ermak to take over the protection of their cities in the upper reaches of the Kama. In the spring of 1579, Yermak left Samarskaya Luka and at the end of June came with a squad to the Kama in Oryol-gorodok. Other Cossacks left along the Samara River to the Yaik (Ural River), and those who remained on Samarskaya Luka were killed by the tsarist troops, their towns were burned. However, some Cossacks still survived, hiding in the secret places of the Zhiguli mountains. When the trouble was over, they returned to their destroyed camps, revived them. This is where the names of the villages Ermakovo, Koltsovo, Sevryukaevo came from. The names of individual peaks of the Zhigulevsky mountains are also associated with the Volga freemen: Karaulnaya, Strelnaya, Sheludyak cliff. There is also Stepan Razin's cave, Razinsky ravine. And even the founding of the Volga cities of Simbirsk, Samara, Saratov, Tsaritsyn to protect the Volga way did not save the river from robberies. Academician Lepekhin wrote in 1768 that rowing merchant ships, with up to a hundred workers, were armed with cannons "for safety from the daring men driving along the Volga." Wanting to put an end to the Volga freemen, Paul I issued an order in 1797 to patrol the Volga by military vessels called hardcoats. For two years they served on the river, until the Astrakhan governor informed Admiral Kushelev that a significant part of the "bandit gangs" had been overfished, and a calm settled down on the river. The hardcoats were transferred to the disposal of the Kazan Admiralty and only from time to time went sailing to search for violators of the law and patrol. But the lull did not last long. In 1804, St. Petersburg again received reports of robbery of ships. And then the reach from Kazan to Astrakhan began to patrol not nine, but 12 hardcoats. The state has long tried to develop the lands of the Samara Luka. First, with the help of the merchants. So, the first owners of it were the already mentioned Stroganovs. They organized the boiling of salt from the water of salt springs near Karaulnaya Mountain. In 1631-1632, the Yaroslavl merchant Nadia Andreevich Sveteshnikov received the salt springs in the area of ​​the modern village of Usolya for rent, who at his own expense armed the second militia that liberated Moscow from the Poles. He started a large salt production here, built a fortified town, several villages. Its lands were named Nadeinskoe Usolye. Soon after the construction of the Samara fortress, the Samara Spaso-Preobrazhensky monastery was founded. In 1648, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich issued a letter to Patriarch Joseph, according to which the villages and villages of Podkaraulnaya, Ternovaya Polyana with wastelands, zamishches, lakes, with boarding and other lands were given to the monastery. Having become the patriarchal house monastery, in the same year he received the village of Rozhdestvenskoye, fishing on the Volga and Samara rivers. In 1723, Peter I issued a decree on the liquidation of the Spaso-Preobrazhensky monastery, the transfer of monks to the Zhadovskaya hermitage of the Syzran district and the surrender of its lands to rent and the transfer of the village of Rozhdestvenskoye "with villages and villages to the palace department." But in 1732, the archbishop of Kazan and Sviyazhsky received an order from Moscow to restore the monastery and return the monks from the Zhadovskoy hermitage to it. Apparently, very influential people at the royal court showed interest in Samarskaya Luka, if in 1738 the monastery was again abolished. The Transfiguration Church under him burned down in a fire in 1765. In 1767, Catherine II traveled along the Volga. In Simbirsk, her retinue was left by the favorites Vladimir Grigorievich and Grigory Grigorievich Orlovs to look at Samarskaya Luka, about which they had heard so much. They liked it so much that they began to bother about transferring it into their possession. Catherine II agreed. By this time, the interfluve of the Volga and Usa was so densely populated that the brothers organized the resettlement of peasants from the villages of Rozhdestveno, Vinnovka, Ryazan, Perevoloki, Brusyany and others to the "empty lands" of the left bank of the Volga. In their villages, the Orlov brothers opened schools for the children of peasants, hospitals, and tried to somehow alleviate the situation of their serfs. Vladimir, in particular, wrote to his manager in 1801: “It is a sin to burden his subjects with unnecessary work ... I repeat to you to have their well-being in your heart. My benefit without observing this will be more bitter for me than sweet. " The transformations carried out by the brothers in Samarskaya Luka were most vividly reflected in the village of Usolye. In the summer of 1812, it was almost completely destroyed by a fire. Vladimir Orlov ordered to rebuild it again according to the plan of the serf architect. The fortress architects also drew up projects for the manor's stone buildings in accordance with the wishes of the owner "... to have a structure that is durable, convenient for the intention for which it is being built, and the exterior would be simple and decent, but not intricate." The construction took several years. A three-story office building, residential two-story outbuildings, warehouses, a weaving, carpentry, blacksmith's and locksmith's workshops were erected. A park was laid out behind the office. After the death of V.G. Orlova Usolye went to his grandson Vladimir Davydov. He decided to turn the village into his summer residence. It was decorated with new buildings, houses for a priest, grooms, volost government, gardeners. The latter took care of the landscape park, in which specially selected species of trees and shrubs from Zhiguli forests grew. Usolskaya estate of the count is still the most significant architectural monument Samarskaya Luka (see photo of the estate). The beauty of the Zhiguli mountains, the legends with which they were covered, have long attracted the removal of Samara residents. Young people on boats went along the route called "Zhigulevskaya Around the World". They rafted down the Volga to the village of Perevoloki. They dragged boats to the Usa, which flows into the Volga, along which they returned to the city. The beauty of the journey was that the entire route, about 200 kilometers, passed along the rivers. Usually the trip took 7 - 10 days, depending on the weather. And each of them brought travelers a lot of joys, reflections on the past. Already near the Mordovian village of Shelekhmet in the ridge of the Zhiguli mountains, Visly Kamen and the Osh-Pando-Ner mountain attract attention (translated from the Mordovian "city-mountain-cape", at the top of which the remains of an ancient fortification of the X-XII centuries have been preserved. There is a legend that lived in ancient times in impregnable fortress on the mountain is the Mordovian queen Anna-Pater. The queen is kind and fair. The peaceful farmers loved her very much. But one day, when she went down to the valley with her retinue, the enemies watched her, they killed her retinue, and Anna herself was completely hijacked. Behind the villages of Vinnovka and Osinovka is the village of Ermakovo, whose inhabitants believe that their ancestors saw and knew the noble chieftain, and his camp was on Mount Lbische. This mountain from the side of the Volga is almost vertical, there is no vegetation. One of its rocks looks like the head of a humped-nosed giant, concentrated and gloomy. Archaeologists call the settlement on Lbische one of the most important historical sites of Samarskaya Luka. Naturalists claim that it is a very valuable natural monument, because it is composed of dolomites and limestones that were formed about 250 million years ago. And botanists found plants on the mountain that are characteristic of virgin steppes. Near the village of Ermakovo, another monument is clearly visible from the Volga - a chapel with a large cross. Stone steps lead to it from the shore. Here is buried the defender of Port Arthur A.N. Lyupov. The staff captain, sick with tuberculosis, retired, in 1911 he decided to settle near the village of Ermakovo and engage in agriculture. One autumn night he was killed by robbers. In 1914, his brother erected a chapel at the burial site and described his life on the cross. After visiting Mount Lbishe, the travelers continued their way past the villages of Mordovo, Koltsovo, Brusyany and Malaya Ryazan. In Brusyany or Malaya Ryazan, they definitely made a stop to purchase sharpening bars. The inhabitants of these villages made them from drain sandstone mined in the ravines. They supplied their products not only to the Volga cities, but also to Moscow. Near the village of Malaya Ryazan, founded in 1770, the coastal slopes are cracked and hollowed out where red ducks resembling swans make their nests. They arrive on the Volga in May and return to the Caspian in August. Below the village, the bank of the Volga is rocky, cut by ravines and is somewhat reminiscent of the remains of an ancient fortress wall. Here is the cave of Stepan Razin. From the river, the entrance to it is hidden by thickets of thorny hawthorn. You can enter it only along the goat path from the side of Samarskaya Luka. Big hall 4 meters wide and 20 meters long. Its height in previous years reached 4 - 5 meters. Niches and cracks are visible on both sides of the hall. Legend has it that the Volga Cossack took refuge in a cave more than once, raided merchants and even wanted to break through underground passage from here to the Molodetsky mound. In the village of Perevoloki, on carts, travelers ferried boats to the picturesque Usu River. At the beginning of the twentieth century, its description was made by the Samara writer S.G. Drifter. “... the Usa river still retains its former predatory appearance: it flows in the Zhiguli wilds, between rocks and gorges, wild, deserted, then disappearing into the forest, then suddenly reappearing, then wide and calm, then like a stormy stream rushing along the jagged rapids. Its high steep banks are covered with an old pine forest, and no human habitation is found anywhere. And it happens quietly all around when you sail along it on a canoe with an oblique Volga sail. The places here are all reserved, the forests are dense. And the mountains overgrown with forests are still as wild as hundreds of years ago ... Everything around is fanned by a poetic song, a gray-haired legend ... Shadows of the distant past live here. " There are no villages along the banks of the Usa. At its confluence with the Volga, the Usinsky Kurgan rises on the right hand. A stone wall 60 meters high with a flat top is sometimes called "Lepeshka". It is impossible to stick to the mound, therefore, in bad weather, people happened to die here. Legend has it that Stepan Razin's treasure was buried on the slope: two buckets of gold to the very top. And on top of those buckets there was scrap iron. If you want to take the treasure, then the crowbar should not move. People did not begin to tear off the chieftain's treasure - they were afraid to move the crowbar, which was conspired. Not far from the Usinskiy kurgan, but already on the Volga, there is the Molodetskiy kurgan, from which the ridge of the Zhiguli mountains begins. It was the Volga that met him on its way and, unable to overcome it, turned east, forming a steep bend - the Samara Luka. The good barrow attracted the attention of all travelers. Jan Streis, Petr Pallas, Ivan Lepekhin climbed it. From the side of Usa, a narrow path leads to its top. And very few people did not express a desire to climb it in order to get the opportunity from a height of two hundred meters to immediately see both the expanse of the Volga and the panorama of Usa. The Virgin Mountain, impregnable from the side of the Volga, pressed against the mound. And again the legends. Rumor has it that Stepan Razin buried his golden pipe on the Tsarev Kurgan. Since then, smoke can often be seen over the summit. Then the pipe of the chieftain is smoking. And the Virgin Mountain is so called because the red maiden threw her lover from it into the river for treason. And at dawn, she herself threw herself into the Volga. "Since then, at dawn, once a year on this night, you can only hear a girl crying, wailing, on the Virgin Mountain ..." People also said in a different way. One hunter became an ataman and betrayed his bride Daritsa with a beautiful merchant's wife. Daritsa threw the traitor into the Volga, and then she herself threw herself into the waters of the river. Atman became the Molodetsky kurgan, Daritsa became the Devy Mountain. Having passed the Molodetsky kurgan, the travelers sailed past the Yablonevy ravine, which got its name from the wild apple trees that grow here in large numbers. Then they met with the village of Morkvashi, founded by the Bulgars in the 13th century, and Lysaya Gora, the white limestone ridge of which is almost devoid of any vegetation. And then they got into the Zhigulevskie gates, the narrowest part of the Volga, constrained by the Sernaya mountain and the Tip-Tyav mountain - the highest point of the Falcon Mountains, stretching along the left bank to Samara. The very name Sernaya Gora suggests that its bowels contain sulfur. Here it was mined by order of Peter I for military needs. Factory town P.S. Pallas found it already abandoned. Most of the houses were destroyed, empty, and the breeder's serfs lived only in 12 huts. More than one hundred years have passed since then, but on the crest of the mountain, among a dense forest, you can still find traces of mine workings - square wells. Four kilometers from Morkvash, among the rocky shores devoid of vegetation, stands Sheludyak cliff. According to legend, an associate of Stepan Razin rushed to the Volga from its summit, surrounded by enemies. On the way to the village of Shiryaevo (Shiryaevsky gully), the travelers met with the Volga glades: Bakhilova, Solnechnaya, Lipova - wonderful places for relax. The adits are the most important attraction in the vicinity of the village. They were pierced at the beginning of the twentieth century for the extraction of stone. The square entrances to them are located on the slopes of Popova and Monastyrskaya mountains. The work was carried out in a closed way, with the help of small explosions. Only then were the blocks of limestone broken with sledgehammers and transported on trolleys along the rails to the surface. Zhigulevsky stone went to the paving of Samara streets. The merchant Vanyushin also had a lime plant here, the chimney of which was blown up only in the Soviet years. The adits, which to this day attract tourists, were chosen by 12 species of bats. Four species: the long-eared bat, northern leather jackets, pond and water bat - they hibernate in them. On the way to Samara, the travelers met Mount Camel, Gavrilova glade, after which the Volga retreated from the Zhigulevsky mountains, in the coastal part of which were the villages of Podgory and Vypolzovo. Further, only Sokol'i Gory with Lysaya Gora, Koptev and Studenny ravines, Barbosha Polyana, also the encampment of the once famous ataman, were of interest. This is already a suburban area of ​​Samara. In recent years, urban quarters have been rapidly advancing here. In the twentieth century, Samarskaya Luka has changed a lot. In 1906, the peasants of Usolye smashed the master's estate, destroyed the glazed light tower built by the count on Karaulnaya Gora. They said that on some days one could see the city of Simbirsk from it. In 1918, the people's army of KOMUCH marched along Samarskaya Luka, and then the Red Army. In the spring of 1919, a peasant uprising broke out on Samarskaya Luka, which was called "chapanny". Commander of the IV Army of the Eastern Front M.V. Frunze informed V.I. Lenin that it was held under the slogans: “Long live Soviet power on the platform of the October Revolution! Down with the communists and the commune! Down with the Jews! " The rebels also captured many villages of Samara Luka, Stavropol, planned the capture of Samara, Syzran, but were defeated. Both sides showed extreme cruelty towards each other. According to incomplete data, during the suppression of the armed uprising, no less than 1,000 “rebels” were killed, over 600 were shot, the village of Usinskoye was “completely burnt down”. Over time, the extraction of the stone was transferred to Mogutova Gora and was carried out in an open way. On Samarskaya Luka, drillers have been looking for oil for a long time. And in 1944 she was found in the Yablonevy ravine in the Devonian strata. Oil rigs were raised in Zhiguli, pumping units appeared. Zhigulevsky Reserve, organized in 1927, was closed and reopened several times, its territory was reduced and increased. The construction of the Zhigulevskaya hydroelectric power station led to the formation of the Kuibyshev reservoir, the Usa river in its lower reaches became the Usinsky Bay. And the Volga itself in the Kuibyshev area is part of the Saratov reservoir. And yet, and all the same, the Zhigulevskaya round-the-world trip has not disappeared anywhere. This water route gained even more popularity in the 6Os. It had not only cognitive value, but also acquired an ideological connotation. As a youth, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, the founder of the first socialist state in the world, made a trip around the Zhigulevskaya round-the-world trip with his friends in the Samara Marxist circle on the boat "Nymph". A. Belyakov spoke about this in his book "The Youth of the Leader". The book was fictional, but no one noticed (or did not want to notice). Moreover, the author named people who really existed in it. This is how another myth was born, of which there were many in Soviet history. And they believed in him. They believed so much that in the village of Yekaterinovka, Bezenchuksky district, founded, by the way, by one of the Orlov brothers, they found a place not on the Bezenchuk river, where a boat of Marxists moored, and a house in which young Lenin talked with a local merchant P. Nechaev. And a memorial plaque was erected on that house. In 1965, the Kuibyshev book publishing house published a booklet by local historian Alexander Vasilyevich Sobolev "Zhigulevskaya Around the World" with a circulation of 30,000 that was unthinkable for this kind of literature. The Regional Tourism Council took it upon itself to organize the groups of tourists and send them with instructors on the route. Often, such groups included local performers of the first festivals of the tourist song named after Valery Grushin. And every week, several dozen young people went on a hike on rowing yalks. The newspaper "Volzhskaya Kommuna", the organ of the Kuibyshev regional committee of the CPSU, twice equipped the expedition of journalists from the regional center on the boat "Nymph-2" on the route of the Zhigulevskaya round-the-world trip. They talked about the beauties of nature, industrial facilities: the Mezhdurechensk timber transshipment plant, oil fields, the Zhigulevsky plant of building materials, which supplies the whole country with cement and slate. Of course, about the Volzhskaya HPP named after V.I. Lenin, the Kuibyshev reservoir, the new cities of Zhigulevsk, Togliatti, about the new ancient villages of Samara Luka ... Time flies quickly, swiftly. The Khrushchev thaw passed away, the Brezhnev era ordered to live long. The Grushinsky festival was increasingly turning into a youth get-together. Zhigulevskaya around the world was again forgotten. Gorbachev's perestroika came, in which everyone initially believed and perked up. But already at the end of the 1980s it became more and more obvious that they were talking about perestroika, they were chatting about it. In 1990, the Kuibyshev Book Publishing House published the first and, it seems, the last literary and journalistic collection called "The Voice of the Samara Land". It also contained an article by Vladimir Kazarin "On the sidelines." It dealt with the villages of Samarskaya Luka. And today, fifteen years later, I am not ashamed to reproduce it. 1773 By the decree of the Senate of July 22, Samara became a countyless city. It was excluded from the Kazan province and included in the Orenburg province. The Samara district was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Syzran provincial chancellery. On December 24, a detachment of the Pugachevites under the command of I.F. Arapova entered Samara without a fight. But a few days later the rebels were defeated by the approaching troops. Residents of the city, who greeted the rebels with icons and prayers, were flogged with whips. Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin took part in the suppression of the performance of the Pugachevites and the inquiry. Apparently, as a punishment, the city of Samara, as a settlement, was subordinated to the district city of Stavropol.

A beautiful place in the middle reaches of the Volga hundreds of years ago received the name "Samarskaya Luka" - from the word "bend". The most famous is the northern elevated part of this Volga peninsula, which has long been called the Zhigulevsky mountains. Due to the unique diversity of natural landscapes, as well as representatives of flora and fauna inhabiting its territory, Samarskaya Luka is included in the UNESCO catalogs as a natural and historical monument of world importance. However, the Volga bend is included in another, no less well-known list compiled by organizations researching anomalous phenomena. So, in their opinion, unusual and largely mysterious processes are manifested in the Zhiguli mountains ten times more often than in other regions of the planet.

POLARS OF LIGHT

However, if scientists are just beginning to generalize materials about Zhiguli anomalous phenomena, then for the old-timers of this Volga region, any devilry there has not been surprising for a long time. In any case, local tales and epics abound in miracles of this kind, which Samara researchers of the native language began to write down in the 19th century. Ory folklorists even then noted that some of the Zhiguli legends in some way echoes the Ural, Bashkir, Mordovian and Tatar legends, but still most of them have no analogues in the oral folk art of Russia.

There are villages on Samarskaya Luka and in the Zhiguli Hills to this day, whose history goes back many hundreds of years. These are, for example, Shiryaevo, Podgory, Vala, Askuly, Tornovoe, Shelekhmet and many others. Information about the very first inhabitants is lost somewhere in the mists of time, and therefore even famous traveler Pallas, who visited the area in 1768, called these villages old. It is not surprising that over hundreds of years of communication with the wild Zhiguli nature, the local peasants quite often encountered something mysterious and inexplicable, and this remained in the memory of the people in the form of legends and epics.

The collector of Samara folklore Sadovnikov heard one of these stories in the period between 1870 and 1875 in the village of Shiryaevo - in the same one in which around the same time Ilya Repin wrote "Burlakov on the Volga". This is what the locals said.

After Ilyin's day, Ivan Mukhanov, a man from Shiryaev, went to the forest for firewood, but he lingered. And then the twilight caught him. He was greedy, loaded the firewood well - the horse barely trudged along. Well, Ivan does not lose heart, the road is familiar. He purrs a song under his breath and looks so that the wheel does not slide into the hole. And already the night over the mountains descended, darker and darker with each step. The first stars appeared. Ivan thinks: "It's still seven miles to the house, no more, I'll get there by midnight, and I'll unload the load tomorrow."

Then suddenly the horse jerked and began to snore. “Are the wolves? - Ivan shuddered. - No, where are they from here in the summer? They don’t come so close to human habitation even in winter. ” He also thought about the bear. Only suddenly, by accident, he glanced to the left - priests, the light is over the mountain! Really, he thinks, he lost his way and drove past his village? Looked around. It is dark, but the road is clear. Yes, and the horse sensed the proximity of the house, started almost running. Vedomo, the village is nearby, only three versts are left.

And the light above the mountain keeps flaring up, and as if it is already a pillar. Now he was already behind. A chill ran down Ivashka's back - not otherwise, the goblin wants to knock him out of the way. Thank God, the horse rushed up the hill in an instant. How many times he was baptized, Ivan does not remember, but the last time he overshadowed himself with a sign, when he drove through the gate. And then from the old people I heard that it was the Mistress of the Zhiguli Mountains after Ilyin's day, she went out for a walk at night, and the light from the door of her underground room stood as a pillar all night long over the forest.

FROM THE AVESTA ARCHIVE

This story is consistent with messages collected in different years by independent Samara and Togliatti researchers about the so-called pillars of hard light. They are described as strange stationary rays, shaped like luminous columns or cylinders, as if hovering at a height of several tens of meters above a forest or road. Here are some entries:

May 1932. Early Sunday morning. In the pre-dawn semi-darkness, an observer (his name and surname was not preserved), who was in the Frunze glade in Samara, saw a strange ray of solid light that arose beyond the Volga, over the Zhigulevsky mountains. The beam had no visible source. For some time it hung over the mountains and over the Volga, then dropped sharply down into the water, causing clearly visible waves. After contact with water, the phenomenon disappeared.

August 1978. Summer pioneer camp "Solnechny" near the village of Gavrilova Polyana at the foot of the Zhiguli. At about 11 pm, a vertical column of light appeared in the sky, which was seen by about 200 people. For several minutes he hung motionless over the mountains, then began to descend. Further evidence is contradictory: the overwhelming majority of eyewitnesses simply lost sight of the object, but several people assured that bright rays hit from it in different directions (including in the direction of the camp). After that, the pillar disappeared from sight.

End of August 1988. Several observers at night, at about 23.30, saw green light spots over the Volga and distant Zhiguli. They appeared in the air and quickly disappeared. The spots looked like ellipses and vertical stripes.

These and other facts were collected by experts from the non-governmental research organization "Avesta". This is how young scientists-enthusiasts who decided to study the age-old mysteries of the Samara Territory named their group back in 1983. And although now the majority of "Avestovites" are already under 50 and many of them occupy respectable positions, all the same, these people remain the same fanatical researchers of Zhiguli anomalies.

For a quarter of a century they have been studying the unofficial history of the Volga region, hidden in legends, legends and myths. In their opinion, folk tales are interesting already because they are far from always pleasing to the authorities, and therefore for centuries they retain those facts and observations that do not fit into the official point of view and cannot be explained from the standpoint of the dominant religion and science.

By now, the archives of "Avesta" have accumulated a lot of descriptions of Zhiguli pillars of light. By the way, one day Oleg Ratnik, vice-president of Avesta, a teacher at the Samara International Aviation and Space Lyceum, saw such a phenomenon with his own eyes. According to him, it happened in August 1998 near the village of Shiryaevo. Here is how Oleg Vladimirovich commented on what he saw:

From the point of view of rigorous science, the notorious pillars of light are not mysticism at all, but a completely real phenomenon with a natural basis. In particular, we believe that the vertical glow over the mountains can appear during air ionization, which always occurs in the zone of action of powerful electromagnetic or radiation radiation. The source of such radiation can be underground deposits of uranium and radium. Indeed, back in the 1980s, geologists established that in the Samarskaya Luka region, these rocks lie at depths of only 400-600 meters from the earth's surface, and therefore it is quite possible that natural radiation periodically breaks out through peculiar windows in the Zhiguli mountains. It was then that the columns of ionized glowing air appeared over the forest. But how exactly these windows are formed, modern science cannot say for sure ...

MIRACLE UNDERGROUND

Almost all local legends and traditions speak about the mysterious inhabitants of the Zhiguli dungeons and unusual visions. The most famous is the so-called mirage of the Peaceful City, which is mentioned in his book by the Holstein traveler Adam Olearius, who visited the Volga region in the 17th century. Other names for the same phenomenon are Fortress of Five Moons, White Church, Fata Morgana and others.

This mirage is most often observed near the Molodetsky and Usinsky kurgans, as well as in the area of ​​the lakes that stretch between the villages of Mordovo and Brusyany. At dawn, a ghost town may suddenly appear in front of the astonished traveler, only to disappear again in a minute or two. Those who have seen this mirage talk about fairytale castle with a white fortress wall and turrets with white flags flying.

This mirage is also mentioned in the collection "Pearls of the Zhiguli", published back in 1974. Here it is said about him as follows: “And when the sun rises in the east over the Volga, the palaces and walls of the Mirny city become visible over the river. He stands in the old way and waits for people to need his wealth. "

However, sometimes on the Volga bend you can see other phenomena, which are in many ways similar to the Peace City. Among them is a mirage called "Temple of the Green Moon" in the form of an amazing iridescent tower. It was observed more than once near the villages of Zolnoe and Solnechnaya Polyana, as well as in the area of ​​Strelnaya Gora.

It is also worth mentioning a mirage called the Waterfall of Tears. Popular rumor connects it with the well-known spring Stone Bowl, as well as with the disappearing lake, which is located in the Yelgushi tract. According to legend, all these water sources formed from the tears of the Mistress of the Zhiguli Mountains, who to this day mourns her beloved. Anyone who sees the Fall of Tears can find a secret door to the Mistress's underground chambers. However, it is not recommended to enter there, as the traveler runs the risk of forever remaining in the bowels of the mountains as the eternal groom of the underground ruler.

Geological data indicate that in a number of points of the Zhiguli Mountains in ancient times, in fact, waterfalls could exist. In this regard, the researchers attribute the described phenomena to the group of so-called chronomirages. It is assumed that they are reflections of the realities of the distant past, projected into the present.

The Avesta archive contains several descriptions of such chronomirages. They were seen by the members of the research group themselves. Here is a record of observations from November 3, 1991, made by the president of "Avesta" Igor Pavlovich.

“About 21 hours 15 minutes over the Volga in the area of ​​Krasnaya Glinka local time, a neat square hole suddenly appeared in thunderclouds. A red ray seemed to run along its perimeter, which fanned out, flashed - and went out. Immediately after this, a vision appeared in the heavenly window: the coast of the sea bay, bounded by a ridge of low hills overgrown with forest. A chain ran from the hills to the water sand dunes... It was a bright sunny day in that distant world, small white clouds crawling lazily across the sky. Suddenly, many black dots appeared over the otherworldly hills. They seemed to have moved from the depths of the image towards the observer. Following this, the clouds surrounding the window began to move, began to converge and in one second they closed a square hole in the sky. "

Another group Zhiguli myths concerns underworld Volga mountains. For scientists, he remains terra incognita to this day. In particular, epic stories about ghostly men who suddenly appear from under the ground and just as suddenly disappear are very interesting. These white dwarfs are "transparent so you can see the trees through them."

In the legend of the immortal Ivan Gorny (whose image is intertwined with the image of Stepan Razin), recorded in the middle of the 19th century. by the already mentioned collector of folklore Sadovnikov, these creatures are called the underground chud. Local residents describe them as follows: "A small man with a bony body, with skin covered with scales, with huge eyes, a deadening gaze and a mysterious property to transfer consciousness from body to body." Apparently, the latter meant that underground inhabitants telepathic abilities.

FIRE BALLS

Local legends also say that not only in the present, but also in the past, people more than once saw some flying fireballs and other incomprehensible objects over the Samara Luka, the nature of which remains unclear. The Gremyachee tract, a mountain range in the Syzran region near the village of the same name, remains very attractive for anomalous people to this day.

Here, on the very outskirts of the Zhiguli deployment, is the source of the Usa River. The mountains here are second only to the highest high peaks Zhiguli, and on their slopes between the bizarre outlier rocks, many caves, karst sinkholes and sinkholes were formed in ancient times, from which springs gush. Many legends are connected with these places ...

According to local legends, a dwarf people have lived in the caves for many thousands of years, which the local Chuvash call “uibed-tu-ale”. This phrase can be translated as "man - hairy monkey", as well as "man-owl". Even today, these strange creatures, although rare, are encountered by people. Imagine a dwarf no higher than a man's navel, with huge eyes and a face covered with either wool or feathers. It is clear that some of those who met such a horror movie called him a monkey, others - an owl.

Another no less mysterious phenomenon looks like this.

Over the Gremyachee tract, they say, sometimes strange fireballs of about two meters in diameter and with a tail fly. They say that those of the villagers who have lived here for two or three decades have seen these objects at least once in their lives. In Chuvash they are called "patavka-bus", which just means "fireball".

As one of the eyewitnesses of this phenomenon told the collectors of folklore, the patavka-bus usually flies slowly and close to the surface of the earth. But the most incredible part of the legend says that these balls of fire can ... turn into a man! Allegedly, the villagers are aware of specific cases when such newcomers came to the village and cohabited with local women. And the children born of this strange marriage either died or turned into legendary underground men uybede-tuape ...

TRACES OF A DISAPPEARED PEOPLE

The fact that cavemen are fragments of a certain ancient civilization, says the famous astrologer Pavel Globa. In one of his works, he writes: “Between the Volga and the Ural mountains, Zarathustra, the wisest philosopher and reformer of antiquity, was born and lived. The most ancient earthly civilization, now forgotten, is associated with his name. However, to this day, ancient cave monks remember about her, sometimes coming out to people from their dungeons ”.

The famous researcher of Zoroastrianism Mary Boyes agrees with Globa. This religion many thousands of years ago was founded by Zarathustra, or Zoroaster, one of the greatest philosophers, who expounded his teachings in the book "Avesta" and introduced the cult of fire worship. It has been proven that many centuries ago it was Samarskaya Luka and Zhigulevskie mountains that were the world center of Zoroastrianism.

Another confirmation of the incredible antiquity of this mysterious Volga civilization can be found in the works of the Kazakh researcher Central Asia Chokan Valikhanov. Referring to the eastern chronicle "Jamiat-Tavarikh", he wrote the following back in the 19th century: "Himself, the son of the righteous biblical Noah and the legendary ancestor of the Arabs, found his death on the banks of the Volga. His name was immortalized in the basis of the name of the Samara River. Here he is also buried. "

From most ancient legends it follows that the Samara Luka peninsula, surrounded by water on almost all sides, several thousand years ago became the last stronghold of the great race of fire-worshipers, who at that time lived on the Russian Plain. Squeezed from all sides by nomads, these people reached the Zhiguli mountain range, where they were finally able to reliably hide from the persecution of enemies in hard-to-reach caves and mountain gorges. It was from this great ancient race on the Samara Luka that the underground people subsequently arose.

The above myths and legends are largely confirmed by archaeological research, which, in particular, made it possible to find the so-called Zavolzhsky historical shaft in the endless steppes. It is a huge earth mound. A well-visible moat stretches along its foot. Now the embankment is about 5 meters high and 7-10 meters wide, and the depth of the ditch ranges from one to 3 meters, although in the distant past these figures, of course, were much higher.

On the whole, the scale of the Zavolzhsky historical rampart cannot but amaze: it stretches intermittently through the Saratov and Samara regions, through Tatarstan and Bashkiria, and then gets lost somewhere in the foothills of the Middle Urals. The total length of this giant structure is at least 2,000 km.

It is assumed that the rampart was erected in the II millennium BC by some powerful race, which has now disappeared from the face of the earth. These data are quite consistent with the existence of the mysterious city of Arkaim in the South Urals, on the territory of the modern Chelyabinsk region.

Apparently, it was the largest cultural and economic center of that very ancient civilization of fans of Zoroastrianism. It turns out that thousands of years ago the people of Arkaim knew metallurgical production well. Probably, this people built the Zavolzhsky historical wall, which played the role of defensive structures during the raids from the west of wild European tribes - most likely, Germanic and Finno-Ugric.

* * *

According to archaeological data, in the II millennium BC Arkaim for some unknown reason literally ceased to exist in one day. Following this, the mysterious civilization that gave birth to it very quickly disappeared from the expanses of the East European Plain. The remnants of these tribes of fire-worshipers are supposed to have taken refuge in the caves of the Samara Luka. But so far this is just a hypothesis ...

Scientists from the Samara nongovernmental research organization "Avesta" have been studying anomalous phenomena that are often observed in the districts of the Zhigulevsky mountains for about 3 10 years. An explanation of such phenomena, surprisingly enough, researchers often find in ... local folklore.

How Samarskaya Luka appeared

Scientists of the "Avesta" have already collected a lot of evidence for a unique guess, the essence of which is the following. The steep bend, located in the middle reaches of the Volga and called the Samara Luka, owes its appearance to ... the engineering activity of extraterrestrial intelligence.

Here is what the president of Avesta, engineer Igor Pavlovich, says about this:
- Have you ever thought about such a geographic riddle: why did the Volga River in its own middle course suddenly find it useful to bend around the small (only 100 km long) Zhigulevskaya mountain range in a ring? It would seem that river waters, in accordance with the laws of physics, instead of creating this kind of "loops" should have reduced their own path and head east of the Zhiguli, in those places where on this moment the bed of the Usa river runs. But no - this mountain range, tiny by geographic standards, made of soft limestones and dolomites, for millions of years has shown unheard-of resistance to the Volga waters that once a second rushing onto it ...

The "Avesta" means that in the thickness of the Zhiguli mountains at great depths for many millions of years a certain technical device has been working, at one time made by the old super-civilization. This device creates a kind of force field around itself, which just prevents the flow of aqua flows through the mountain range. That is why the Volga, over all these millions of years, is obliged to go around the Zhigulevskie mountains, making in its own middle course a strange twist in the form of a semicircle, which is now called the Samara Luka.

Most likely, this hypothetical geomachine is a kind of bunch of force fields - electric, gravitational, bio, or others, which are not yet recognizable to us. Specifically, these fields have been for more than 10 million years and have been helping the Zhiguli limestones (which, as is clear, are very susceptible to erosion by water) to keep the ancient river bed in a measured position, preventing even its insignificant displacement.

The question is, why is all this necessary for a hypothetical alien civilization? Apparently, in order for the underground energy complex to work uninterruptedly for millions of years, feeding the extra-dimensional channel connecting their world with the earth's surface. Such a channel can play the role of a specific television camera through which a distant civilization beholds everything that happens on our planet. This is confirmed by strange mirages that are often observed in the sky over the Samara Luka, as, in general, over some other points of our planet.

Geological proof

Sergey Markelov, associate professor of the Samara Aerospace Institute, candidate of technical sciences, analyst of the Avesta group, comments on Igor Pavlovich's words.

While reading an article on the geological structure of the Volga-Ural region in one of the scientific collections published by Moscow State University in 1962, I found an unusual diagram in it. It showed a section of the earth's layers in the area of ​​Samarskaya Luka, which turned out to be very similar to the contours of ... a huge condenser! Everyone will simply remember from the school physics course how this electrical device is arranged: between the parallel metal plates, an electronic charge accumulates, and its value is limited only by the breakdown strength of the gasket between the plates.

In the earth's crust under Samarskaya Luka, the role of such plates is played by parallel electrically conductive layers, between which there are limestones and dolomites. The dimensions of this condenser are amazing - its length is about 70 km! In fact, here we see the material embodiment of that energy geomachine, which Igor Pavlovich mentioned above.

Calculations show that between the plates of the "Zhiguli capacitor"
long time there is an electron field with cyclopean intensity parameters. As needed, the electronic charge can be simply used up for a variety of purposes. By the way, as can be seen from the design of this huge "device", not a single sensor located outside the "storage" will be able to show the presence of electricity in the depths of the earth's crust in this area.

Geological data say that the very existence of such a colossal underground condenser is a unique phenomenon in the crust of our planet. None of the venerable geologists until now has never met with a similar structure of the earth's strata. One can, of course, talk about the natural origin of this unique geological object, but with equal probability one can talk about the role of the unknown mind in its appearance.

According to the hypothesis put forward, the activity of a hypothetical underground geomachine in the area of ​​the Zhiguli Mountains, most likely, causes mysterious phenomena in these places - chronomy rages. Local farmers watched ghost towns, castles and flying islands in the sky hundreds of years ago, and during this period of time, countless epics and legends were laid down on their basis. Here is one of these descriptions from the Avesta collection:

“A luminous square suddenly appeared on the clouds, and an image of a stepped pyramid appeared inside it. She was standing on some kind of plateau, which fell abruptly downward. A plain crossed by a river was observed under the mountain. With all this, the line of sight was tilted to the plane of the plain by approximately 15 degrees. The recollection was that the plain, the river and the pyramid were observed from the side of an airplane soaring at an altitude of 8-10 kilometers. "

The most famous of these phenomena is the mirage of the Peaceful town, which in most cases is spoken about by tourists vacationing near the Molodetsky and Usinsky burial mounds. Other ghosts from the same row - Fortress 5 Moons, Snow White Church, Fata Morgana and others. These anomalies are observed from time to time in the midst of wide lake labyrinths that stretch between the villages of Mordovo and Brusyany, in the very south of Samarskaya Luka. According to observers, here at dawn a ghost town may appear in front of the astonished traveler at dawn, only to disappear again in a minute or two.

Traces of a disappeared people

By all indications, the hypothetical extraterrestrial intelligence in its own activity on our planet relied on some terrestrial civilization, which in exchange for cooperation received from the invaders indescribable technical knowledge at that time and unheard of materials, traces of which archaeologists often find in the most unexpected places. What exactly this collaboration was and why it was useful to alien intelligence, researchers have yet to unravel.

But the aliens, as it turns out, were far from always able to help their earthly partners. So, from old legends it follows that the peninsula of Samara Luka, practically surrounded by water from all sides, several thousand years ago became the last stronghold of some stately race of fire-worshipers. Compressed by aggressive tribes, these people, in the end, reached the Zhigulevsky mountain range, where they were able to take refuge from persecution in inaccessible caves and mountain gorges. The strange underground people, the mention of which can be found in the Zhiguli legends and traditions, most likely, just represented the remnants of that stately old race, which for thousands of years faithfully served extraterrestrial intelligence.

Information about a mysterious civilization, very developed for its own time and completely suddenly disappeared from the face of the earth, is fully consistent with the course of time of existence in the South Urals, on the terrain of the modern Chelyabinsk region, the hypothetical town of Arkaim, which, apparently, was the largest cultural and economic center of this old people. For example, the people of Arkaim knew the metallurgical creation very well thousands of years ago, which means the highest level of their knowledge.

According to archaeological data, in the 2nd millennium BC, Arkaim, for an unknown reason, practically ended its existence in one day. Directly behind this, the mysterious civilization that gave birth to it disappeared very quickly from the expanses of the East European Plain. Specifically, the remnants of these fire-worshiping tribes, as it is implied, took refuge in the caves of the Samara Luke, so that later to found that underground race here. In general, this is again just a guess.

edited news Elfin - 2-08-2013, 21:06