Ust Kamenogorsk. Attractions of Ust-Kamenogorsk

East Kazakhstan East Kazakhstan region | East Kazakhstan Coordinates Coordinates: / (G)49.95 , 82.616667 49 ° 57'00 ″ s. sh. 82 ° 37'00 ″ in. etc. / 49.95 ° N sh. 82.616667 ° E etc.(G) Akim Islam Abishev Founded Square 540 km² Climate type sharply continental Population 420.1 thousand people () Ethno-burial Ustkamenogorets, Ustkamenogorets Timezone UTC + 6 Telephone code +7 (7232) Postcode 070002 Official site http://www.oskemen.kz/
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The history of the creation of the city

At first it was a fortress, founded by Major Likharev in the city. The name of the major is now one of the streets of the city. In May, the expedition of Ivan Mikhailovich Likharev, equipped by the personal decree of Peter I, headed to Lake Zaisan. We reached the lake safely, but the further path along the Black Irtysh was blocked by a large Dzungarian detachment. The attacks were easily repulsed, but the very shallow Irtysh did not allow to move on. The expedition turned back.

Notes (edit)

Administrative division of the East Kazakhstan region
Regional cities:

One of the first written evidence of the places where the Ust-Kamenogorsk fortress was later built was left by the boyar Fyodor Baikov. The path indicated by him quickly became known to the merchants. And in 1714 year Peter I learned from the Siberian governor M. Gagarin that somewhere on the Irket River there is an abundance of "sand gold". And there was that gold, according to the governor, so much that it was mined "during the high water with the help of blankets, carpets and cloths." In search of the legendary Yarkand (Irketi), an expedition of Lieutenant Colonel Ivan Bukhgolts was sent from the city of Tobolsk. In July 1715 I. Bukhgolts with a detachment sailed from Tobolsk up the Irtysh. Soon the Yamyshevskaya fortress was laid. The fortress was surrounded by a large Dzungar detachment. Illness began among the soldiers. Buchholz was forced to tear down the fortification and retreat down the Irtysh. At the confluence of the Omi River into the Irtysh 1716 year he laid the foundation of the Omsk fortress.

V 1719 year Peter I sends a new detachment to find the gold of Yarkand. At the head of the new expedition was Major Ivan Mikhailovich Likharev, a guard.

In May 1720 The expedition of I. M. Likharev headed up the Irtysh to Lake Zaisan. We reached the lake safely, and a large Dzungarian detachment blocked the further path along the Black Irtysh. The attacks of the Dzungars were easily repulsed, but a new obstacle stood in the way - the Irtysh became shallow. It was impossible to move further on the bulky planks. Negotiations began with the Dzungars. The detachment of I. M. Likharev turned back. And where Ulba flows into the Irtysh, a new fortress was laid - Ustkamenogorskaya. Because it is here that the Irtysh seems to break out of the mouth of the stone mountains and then rolls its waters across the plain.

Ivan Likharev did not find the fabulous Yarkand. But the Ustkamenogorsk fortress appeared on the map of the Russian Empire, the extreme southern end of the Irtysh line.

The fortress was surrounded by rather high ramparts. In the fortress there were barracks for soldiers, a military hospital, apartments for military leaders, various storerooms and a department of a convict prison, which, by the way, still stands here today. The first houses outside the fortress were built near the fortification. Thus, the foundation was laid for the city.

In the second half XVIII century settlers began to settle near the fortress. There were also many exiles.

The city was founded on Bolshaya, Troitskaya and Andreevskaya streets. They began from the bank of the Irtysh and built up along the Ulba. These streets were crossed by the side streets of Solyanaya, Krepostniy, Mechetskiy, Soborny. Old city maps show the strict straightness of streets and lanes. Thanks to this layout, the city was well blown by fresh winds from the mountains, and during floods, water easily dispersed through the streets and alleys.

The oldest street in the city, Karl Liebknecht, was formerly called Troitskaya. Once upon a time, the richest people of the city built their houses on this street. For example, the Valitov gold miners, who had gold mines in Tainty, and, in addition, kept herds of horses beyond the Irtysh. Another gold miner A.S. The money changers owned gold mines in Kurchum and Maykapchagai. Today the Museum of Arts is located in the Menovshchikov's house.

The Altai geological department is located in the Valitovs' house. On this street, the merchant Krivoshein had good houses, he traded in wines and fruits, the merchant Shustov, as well as the merchants Karavaev, Shilyaev, Serov, the owners of fur workshops Maltsev and Pakharuks.

The original name of Mira Street is Andreevskaya. This street began from the Irtysh, ran past the market square, the fire station and ended in a vacant lot, where a hundred years ago, in 1899 year, political exiles laid the city garden - the park named after Dzhambul. The first to settle on this street were the gold miners Makhanov and Bryukhanov. They lived in grand style, and no one in the city for a long time he did not dare to put his houses next to the palaces of these venerable persons. On the same street there are beautiful old buildings of the Drama Theater named after Jambul (former People's House), Ethnographic Museum (former male primary school, opened back in 1881 year).

Opposite the People's House once stood the house of the political exile Inkov, who opened the city's first pharmacy. Nearby was the house of Litvinov, the owner of the Modern Electrotheatre, which was located in the place where the building of the regional archive now stands.

The name of the Red Eagles Embankment, which stretches along the river. Ulba, the echo of the revolution and civil war is heard. Summer 1919 years in the Ust-Kamenogorsk prison, in which the Kolchakites kept red political prisoners, an uprising took place. The rebellion was led by G. Kudinov, M. Bespalov, F. Buryagin. Disarming the guards, the prisoners seized the armory, took rifles and cartridges. And then the rebels did not know what to do. Some suggested sailing down the Irtysh by steamer, others insisted on capturing the city and continuing to revolt in the district. Meanwhile, the White Cossacks gathered forces, surrounded the fortress. A fight ensued. They fired for several hours. Some of the rebels ordered the release of the arrested guard of the fortress, they hoped that the soldiers would support the "red eagles", but the soldiers stabbed them in the back. Escaping, the rebels rushed to swim across the Irtysh and Ulba. Only N. Timofeev and S. Goncharenko survived. With a severed collarbone and a deep wound on his back, M. Bespalov crawled to Ulba. Here his mother and sister Nadezhda found him. They carried Mikhail home. But they were met by the White Cossacks. One of them shot at Bespalov. He died in his mother's arms ...

In memory of this uprising, Beregovaya Street in 1960 year was renamed into the Embankment of the Red Eagles. There is a large stone near the bridge. Once it was planned to erect a monument here.

Ushanov Street is named after the first chairman of the Ust-Kamenogorsk Soviet of Deputies Yakov Ushanov. The construction began in the second half of the last century. Once upon a time, the city nobility lived here: a bailiff, a district chief, a village chief, officers of the local garrison, merchants. On the site of the former bazaar in the 50s, the square named after. Lenin, November 6 1958 a monument to V.I. Lenin. In the same year, a tram line ran along the street. A year later, the House of Communications was built. Gradually, instead of small wooden and adobe houses, multi-storey buildings arose on Ushanov Street. At the beginning 80's the largest in the city Central supermarket was built.

Kirov street to 1935 of the year was called Bolshoi. At that time, it was the straightest, largest and busiest street in the city. It was on this street that the first stone and wooden sidewalks were laid, folk festivals and New Year's masquerades were held here. It was built up with the best houses that belonged to the gold miners Menovshchikov and Kasatkin, merchants Semyonov and Kurochkin, the owner of the tannery Ufimtsev. At the beginning of the street there was the house of the political exiled E.P. Michaelis. There was a noble assembly nearby, followed by the Mariinsky Women's School (now the exhibition hall of the Ethnographic Museum), the Intercession Cathedral and shops. V 1908-1911 years the cinema "Echo" ("October") was built.

Evgeny Petrovich Michaelis is worth telling separately. He was a man of great will, deep intelligence and broad erudition. They say that he was the prototype of Bazarov in Turgenev's novel Fathers and Sons. Michaelis predicted a great future, but the tsarist government sent him away from the capital cities. However, even in the backwaters, which was Ust-Kamenogorsk at the end of the last century, he managed to reveal his talent as a researcher, inventor, and public figure.

Michaelis was a good connoisseur of Kazakh oral poetry. "The Kirghiz steppe owes him entirely that the great poetic talent discovered by Michaelis in the person of the Kirghiz of the Chingiz volost of the Semipalatinsk district Ibragim (Abai) Kunanbayev did not die without a trace," noted the famous local historian Boris Gerasimov in his article. According to M. Auezov, the acquaintance of Michaelis with Abai happened in the library. Abai asked the librarian for an issue of the Russian Bulletin magazine, in which one of the works of Leo Tolstoy was printed. Michaelis found out about this. He went up to Abai and introduced himself. We started talking. They left the library together. Michaelis was interested in a Kazakh reading the works of Leo Tolstoy and excitedly talking about justice, the fate of his people, and honest service to him. He was struck by the humanistic views of the son of the steppes. And Abai's attention was attracted by an intelligent and educated Russian man, with whom he felt at ease and free.

Getting to know Abai better, Michaelis saw in him a poetic talent. In order not to let his talent stall, he became skillful. to direct the studies of his friend, to introduce him to the advanced Russian and European literature.

While Michaelis lived in Semipalatinsk, in winter time Abai saw him almost daily. And until the last days of his life, the great poet spoke with gratitude about his friend.

V 1882 E. P. Michaelis moved to Ust-Kamenogorsk. At that time it was a small county town, in which about five thousand people lived. Five streets and six lanes. They were built up almost entirely with wooden houses. The newspaper "Siberia" wrote then: "There are 18 taverns in the city, up to 9000 buckets of vodka are drunk a year, except for liqueur and wines." And in this city Michaelis had to live for another 31 years.

On the map of modern Ust-Kamenogorsk, Michaelis Street and Abai Avenue intersect. Which, of course, is not accidental.

V 1934 year, when a rich harvest was born in Kazakhstan, Sergei Kirov arrived in the republic to help organize the harvesting of bread. He devoted three days to East Kazakhstan, visited many villages. After his death, Bolshaya Street was renamed into Kirov Street. An ancient two-story building of the former regional executive committee is considered a historical monument, from the balcony of which in 1934 S. M. Kirov spoke. During his speech, Kirov recommended that the city authorities move the bazaar from the city center somewhere to the outskirts, and set up a park on the site of the Market Square. They listened to the recommendation.

In the old days, Uritsky Street was Soborny Lane, and for many years it played the role of a transport artery. Once upon a time here, on the corner with Bolshoi Street, the majestic Pokrovsky Cathedral towered - an architectural monument of the 19th century. Its green domes could be seen from afar.

The Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos was built in 1882-1885 years. The temple was typical of Russian provincial architecture. The stable base and laconicism of the massive cubic volume were combined with strict geometric ornamentation and created a feeling of unprecedented solemnity. The interior of the cathedral was magnificent. The heaviest bell, there were nine of them, weighed more than 162 pounds. The Cathedral of the Intercession was destroyed in 1936 for the sake of atheistic fashion.

Opposite the cathedral in 1902 a one-story building for the Mariinsky Women's School was built. The students of the pedagogical courses were trained at the expense of public care for public education. Now this old mansion houses one of the exhibition halls of the ethnographic museum.

A one-story building of the city council stood near the cathedral. V 1918 year it housed the Ust-Kamenogorsk Council of Deputies. After reconstruction, this building housed a local history museum.In the years of Soviet power, Soborny lane was renamed into Uritsky street.

Store "Saule", formerly it was the trading house of the merchant Semyonov, in the Soviet years it was a department store.

V 1936 Year Fire lane was renamed into Maxim Gorky Street. One of the first, it was first paved with stone, and then covered with asphalt. V 1973 year built the Central Department Store. Until now, this street retains the aroma of antiquity.

150 years ago, Ordzhonikidze Street, at that time Sennaya Lane, was considered the outskirts of the city. The wasteland began from here. V 1889 year, on this vacant lot began to lay out a city garden. The initiative, as always, came from the political exiles A.K. Galimont, E.P. Michaelis, A.N. Fedorova, O. F. Kostyurina. Work continued until 1903. Saplings (poplar, hawthorn, apple trees) were taken from the military doctor Vistenius, who had a beautiful garden outside the city, and which he later sold to Pankratyev. The city garden, meanwhile, grew very slowly, since there was no good care for it. Livestock often wandered into the garden, firefighters here mowed hay for their horses. One of the visiting artists once joked about this, saying that in Ust-Kamenogorsk there is a garden of three ... haystacks. The hay bazaar adjoined the city garden, hence the name of the street - Sennaya. All year round, carts with firewood, coal and hay, kerosene and lime, poultry and cattle pulled along it. V 1937 Year Sennoy Lane was renamed Ordzhonikidze Street. V 1957 tram lines were laid along it. The city park was named Jambula. Where there was a hay bazaar, the Yubileiny cinema rose there.

The street named after the first chairman of the Ust-Kamenogorsk Soviet of Deputies Yakov Ushanov, the school named after Yakov Ushanov, the streets of Nikolai Karmanov, Alexander Mashukov, Mikhail Bespalov, the Krasnye Orlov embankment ... All this is the memory of the people of the time of the establishment of Soviet power.

The Soviets lasted ninety-seven days. These were hot days of war. The Red Guard was created, new Soviet schools were opened, the Youth Union was organized. On the night June 10, 1918 years, the united officer-Cossack detachment opposed the Soviet regime. The Sovdep took measures for the defense. A detachment of the Red Guard was transferred from the city to the fortress. Here, behind the high earthen rampart of the old fortress, the battle began. But the forces were unequal. The organizers and leaders of the Soviet of Deputies were seized and thrown into the serf prison. Under the guise of an insurance agent, Pavel Petrovich Bakheev was driving around Ust-Kamenogorsk district. It did not even occur to the authorities that this delicate bearded man had been sent here by the Bolshevik party to conduct underground work and communicate with partisan detachments. A decade and a half later, the same person will become a famous storyteller, the author of the "Malachite Box". His real name is Bazhov.

In autumn 1919 years, local partisan detachments united. The First Altai Regiment of Red Mountain Eagles was formed. Communist Nikita Ivanovich Timofeev was elected commander.

To the beginning 1920 Soviet power was firmly established on the territory of Rudny Altai. October 9 1938 Years of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) and the Council of People's Commissars adopted a resolution "On the development of non-ferrous metallurgy in Altai."

WITH 1939 year Ust-Kamenogorsk becomes the regional center of the East Kazakhstan region. In the same year, the construction of the Ust-Kamenogorsk hydroelectric power station began.

The war disrupted many plans.

“The Motherland raised us, and our lives belong to it,” said the participants of the youth rally in Ust-Kamenogorsk. Hundreds of volunteer applications were received by the military enlistment office. Here are the names of the Heroes of the Soviet Union: B.T. Popov, A.G. Popov, L.M. Roshchin, F.D. Turov, N. Ya. Fonov, V.M. Litvinov, F.S. Kokorin, P.N. Miller, A.I. Chernov. The home front workers were also heroes.

By the decision of the State Defense Committee on the basis of the dismantled equipment of the "Electrozinc" plant from Ordzhonikidze in the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk in 1942 the construction of a zinc electrolyte plant began. The workers were housed in hastily constructed barracks. Hastily dug pits for dugouts, each contained 4 families.

Year 1951 ... Ust-Kamenogorsk zinc plant was transformed into a lead-zinc plant.

Year I960... On the eve of celebrating the 90th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, the plant was named after the proletarian leader.

Year 1963 ... For the successes achieved in the development of non-ferrous metallurgy, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on July 20, the plant was awarded the Order of Lenin. Five people were awarded the high title of Hero of Socialist Labor, 97 were awarded orders and 213 were medals.

These are the milestones of the beginning of the path of the flagship of non-ferrous metallurgy.

March 27, 1965 The Ust-Kamenogorsk titanium-magnesium combine was commissioned, the construction of which began in 1958.

In the spring of 1963, the TMK experimental workshop produced the first titanium in Kazakhstan.

V 1958 the first steel melting was carried out at the operating enterprises "Vostokmashzavod", which was put into operation. Already in the first ten years of work, the production of drilling rigs for mine and quarry drilling, thickeners and classifiers, cranes, steel castings and forgings for mining and metallurgical enterprises, spare parts for agricultural machines was mastered here.

V 1967 year at the international exhibition "Intergormash-67" in Moscow, a crawler drilling rig BASH-320, designed for drilling blast holes with a diameter of 320 mm during ore mining in open pits, is demonstrated and highly appreciated by specialists. This giant was made by Vostokmashzavod specialists.

V 1953 the construction of the condenser plant began, and in April 1959 it produced the first products.

The transformation of the city into a large center of non-ferrous metallurgy would be unthinkable without the development of passenger road transport.

In the end 1959 of the year, the builders presented the townspeople with the House of Communication. The first city telephone line was laid in Ust-Kamenogorsk in 1924 year from the radio station of the People's Commissariat of Communications to the City Council. With the help of this line, on the day of the death of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, radio signals received from Moscow were transmitted to a rally in the People's House.

Once upon a time in the lexicon of the Ust-Kamenogorsk people there were such names: Popovsky Log, Mare's Head, Biryukovka ... Herds of cows grazed here, children went here to fetch sorrel. After the war, these places began to be called differently: "Construction site", "Quarter" B "... Now here is Lenin Avenue, Gogol Street, Metallurgov, Stakhanovskaya, Gagarin Boulevard. The Palace of Culture of Metallurgists stands out. A television tower is visible from a distance.

The first construction organization in Rudny Altai is the Ulbastroy trust. It was formed not in Ust-Kamenogorsk, but in Leninogorsk, then Ridder, in 1927 year in connection with the construction of the Ulba hydroelectric power station. V 1936 On the basis of Ulbastroy, the Big Ridder trust was created, which was renamed at first to Ridderstroy and then to Altaystroy. V 1934 year, the address of the construction trust changed (it was transferred to the regional center), from 1950 Years the name "Altaysvinetsstroy" was approved for the trust.

The path of the builders has been marked with many glorious deeds. Construction of a lead-zinc, titanium-magnesium plant, an automation device plant and Vostokmashzavod, Ust-Kamenogorsk CHP and a capacitor plant, a large-panel house building plant, a meat processing plant, prefabricated reinforced concrete plants, electrical products, mineral wool, Sogrinsk CHP ...

The industrial development of the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk would be impossible without a powerful energy base.

In winter 1939 years to the place where the Irtysh, compressed high mountains, was especially narrow, deep and impetuous, a young engineer Mikhail Vasilyevich Inyushin arrived on horseback. There was nothing at the site of the future construction of the Ust-Kamenogorsk hydroelectric power station. Frozen river, geologists' tents under the mountain. That's all. But it was here that a power plant, rare in the practice of Soviet hydroelectric construction, was to be built.

Much had to be done for the Ust-Kamenogorsk power plant to provide energy to factories and mines, collective and state farms. Work began in the same 1939 year. But the Great Patriotic War slowed them down. The construction of a hydroelectric power station was really launched in 1949 year.

1949 year. In October, the Ulba Metallurgical Plant produced the first batch of its products.

1956 year - June 19 Ust-Kamenogorsk furniture factory produced the first experimental product - a batch of soft sofas and sliding tables.

1958 year - on March 15, the Ust-Kamenogorsk television center made a test broadcast, a few days later regular television broadcasts began.

Summer 1959 the regional children's library was opened, and in 1964 year she was named after A.P. Gaidar.

1965 year - on October 12, an air liner AN-24 landed for the first time at the Ust-Kamenogorsk airport, and direct flights between Ust-Kamenogorsk and Alma-Ata began.

In October 1970 The largest hotel in the region “Ust-Kamenogorsk” was put into operation.

The population of the city in 2018 was 329,090 people. As a percentage, 68.1% of Russians, 26.5% of Kazakhs, 1.3% of Germans, 1.2% of Ukrainians, 1.1% of Tatars, 0.2% of Koreans, 0.2% of Azerbaijanis, 0, 3% of Belarusians, 0.1% of Uzbeks, 1.0% of other nationalities.

At present, administrative, scientific, educational, medical, entertainment, sports and entertainment establishments are located in the center of the regional level. The main directions of the city's economy are non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering and metalworking, energy, light industry, timber industry, food industry. The city houses enterprises for the processing of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, the largest machine and instrument-building plants in the republic, as well as the only plant in Kazakhstan for the production of cars "Lada". Lead, zinc, gold, silver, cadmium, thallium and tellurium are smelted at non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises.

Ust-Kamenogorsk has received great development in recent years in the scientific, technical and cultural spheres. Since 2005, the city has 58 secondary schools, 5 colleges, 3 polytechnic schools and 8 higher educational institutions with a total of 71,758 students. The most popular higher educational institutions include: East Kazakhstan State University (EKGU), East Kazakhstan State Technical University (EKSTU), Kazakh American Free University, Eastern Humanitarian Institute, Higher School of Law "Adilet", medical, polytechnic colleges, college Arts, College of Economics and Finance and, as well as branches of various international, domestic scientific communities and academies. There are many historical, local history museums, medical institutions in the city, there is a Sports Palace.

City `s history

In 1714, the Russian Tsar Peter I learned that there were deposits of "sandy gold" in the Irket River area. So, on his order in 1715, a detachment under the command of I. Bukhgolts was sent from Tobolsk up the Irtysh. Soon the Yamyshevskaya fortress was laid, where the city of Semipalatinsk was later formed. In 1719, Peter I sent a new detachment to find the place of the Yarkand gold deposits. In May 1720 up the Irtysh to Lake Zaisan goes new expedition, headed by Major I.M. Likharev. Soon, at the place where the Ulba flows into the Irtysh, a new Russian military fortress, Ust-Kamenogorskaya or Ust-Kamennaya, was founded, so named because it was in this place that the Irtysh seemed to break out the bonds of the mouth of the stone mountains and then rolled its waters along the plain. The fortress became the extreme southern end of the Irtysh line. It was surrounded by high ramparts. There were barracks for soldiers, a military hospital, apartments for military leaders, various storerooms and departments of a convict prison (by the way, they have survived to this day). The first houses outside the fortress were built near the fortification. Thus, the foundation was laid for the city.

“The estuary at the foot of the stone mountains” - this is how you can understand the meaning of the word “Ust-Kamenogorsk”; in Kazakh the name of the city sounds like "Oskemen". The city became the gateway to the Altai foothills and Altai mountains.

The second reason for the establishment of a military fortress in this very territory was the protection of Russian possessions in Siberia from the destructive attacks of the Dzungars. However, after the defeat of the Dzungar Khanate in 1757, the role of the fortress lost its significance, and by the beginning of the 19th century Ust-Kamenogorsk settlement became the center of lively trade with Mongolia and China. Cargoes, mainly ore concentrate, were transported through Ust-Kamenogorsk, sent by tug or steamers along the Irtysh to the metallurgical plants of Barnaul and to Central Russia. A market square with trading rows appears on the territory of the city; agricultural products are traded on a daily basis. Every year a fair was held in Ust-Kamenogorsk, where bread, furs, oil, leather, wax, honey and other goods were sold. There were also stone shops of wealthy merchants. Some of these buildings have survived to this day on the street. Kirov and M. Gorky. In 1868, the village, whose population was made up of Siberian Cossacks who moved here in the second half of the 18th century, acquired the status of a city.

The pages of the history of the city say that many unpleasant and sad events took place here. So, for example, Ust-Kamenogorsk had to endure a fire, the flame of which once engulfed the city completely, and floods that did not bring the city anything but huge damage.

By the beginning of the 20th century, trade continued to develop in the city, a pier and Railway(Defense station); Ust-Kamenogorsk becomes the center of the gold mining industry in the Kazakh part of Altai. Placer and primary deposits are being intensively developed. Throughout history, according to official reports, about 700 tons of gold have been extracted. A gold nugget weighing 27.57 kilograms, found in these places, deserves special attention.

The city, among other things, is known for being visited by the famous Russian writer Bazhov. The amazing colorful places of this region seem to have been created for its "mistress of the copper mountain", which one just wants to see in the gorges colorful rocks... Here, literally a step cannot be taken without bumping into one of the precious crystals scattered by the generous hand of the fairytale character.

Not far from Ust-Kamenogorsk, on the shore of one of the picturesque lakes in the late 17th - early 18th centuries, there was a Lamaist temple with a large library of Tibetan scrolls, which was destroyed. Subtle, miraculously preserved ruins remind of it.

sights

The main attraction of Ust-Kamenogorsk is not at all architectural monuments, museums or ancient settlements (although this is also important), but the extraordinary surrounding nature, which is impossible not to admire. Colorful mountains, picturesque lakes, green reserves - everything here can delight a tourist. And not only tourists, even the townspeople do not get tired of enjoying the beauty of their land. How can you get used to this, and how can you ever get bored?

Natural reserves, however, are located outside the industrial city: Katon-Karagay State National nature Park... The nature protection zone is located on the border with Russia. The area of the park is 643.5 thousand hectares. This is the largest national park in Kazakhstan. About 34% of the park's territory is covered with forests, where mainly conifers are represented: spruce, Siberian cedar, larch and fir. The park is inhabited by such rare animals and birds as Altai snowcock, black stork, gray cranes and belladonna, burial ground, osprey, saker falcon, peregrine falcon, hump-nosed scooter, snow leopard and stone marten. The Katon-Karagai National Park is crossed by the Austrian road, 50 km long. The road has the unofficial name "Austrian", as it was built in the period from 1914 to 1916 by Austrian prisoners of war of the First World War. The Austrian road is the most popular route of the park, it passes through its main attractions: the Marble Pass, Altai and Burkhat passes and the northern branch of the Great Silk Road.

West Altai State Natural Reserve

The area of the reserve is 86 thousand hectares. Here lies the "black taiga", consisting of dense fir and spruce forests, and there are about 50 species of mammals and 200 species of birds. In the reserve there is a natural monument "Stone City", consisting of granite outliers.

Markakol State Natural Reserve

The park was created to preserve and study the unique ecosystem of the mountain lake Markakol, located at an altitude of 1447 m. Lake Markakol is one of the largest lakes in Altai, its area is 455 sq. Km. More than 100 rivers and streams flow into it, and only one river flows out of the lake - Kalzhyr. There are about 700 plant species in the reserve. Mammals are represented by 55 species, among which there are elk, roe deer, deer, wild boar, brown bear, wolf, wolverine, ermine, polecat, weasel, badger, Siberian weasel, salt leopard, otter, sable, American mink, and occasionally you can see a snow leopard. There are also about 250 bird species here. The waters of Lake Markakol are inhabited by such fish as grayling, char, gudgeon and lake uskuch. Ozerny uskuch is a kind of Siberian lenok, it is found only in Markakol. Fishing in the reserve is best at the end of winter and autumn.

"City of Spirits" - Kiin-Kerish

This is one of the most mysterious sights of Kazakhstan, located in the vicinity of Lake Zaisan. Here, in the middle of the desert, there are rocks and cliffs of red color, reminiscent of castles, towers and yurts. Red rocks are nothing more than tertiary clay deposits exposed as a result of weathering. The Kiin-Kerish landscape can really be called extraterrestrial, similar to the Martian one. They say that this place has the strongest energy: even in ancient times it was used for ritual sacrifices. But the most interesting fact it became that in the red clays of Kiin-Kerish were found imprints of tropical vegetation and the remains of fossil vertebrates from the Mesozoic era.

"Kazakhstan" - like in Hollywood

On Mount Ablaketka, at an altitude of 522 meters above sea level, the word "Kazakhstan" is written in giant letters. The inscription is visible in almost every corner of the city, it resembles the famous "Hollywood" letters in the Californian hills. True, the height of those is 10 meters, the Ust-Kamenogorsk ones are a little "more modest" - only six! A Kazakh flag of the same impressive size was erected next to the inscription - 6 by 12 meters. The city akimat explained that this gift was given to Ust-Kamenogorsk by two large companies who wished to remain anonymous. At night, the metal letters will glow. True, only on holidays.

Car code Official site

Physical and geographical characteristics

Geographical position

Ust-Kamenogorsk is located in the eastern part of the Republic of Kazakhstan at the confluence of the Irtysh and Ulba rivers, about 280 kilometers west of Mount Belukha, the highest point of Altai. This region of the Altai mountain system is historically called the Rudny Altai (the name was proposed by the geologist V.K.Kotulsky).

Climate

The climate of the city is sharply continental with unstable moisture. The cold season for Ust-Kamenogorsk includes five months: from November to March. The absolute minimum air temperature ranges from -49º in January to + 4º in July. The absolute maximum is from + 8º in January to + 43º in July.

Climate Ust-Kamenogorsk
Indicator	Jan.	Feb	March	Apr	May	June	July	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average maximum, ° C	−10	−7	−2	13	19	25	27	24	19	11	1	−5	9,75
Average temperature, ° C	−16	−14	−8	6	12	18	20	16	11	4	−4	−10	2,91
Average minimum, ° C	−20	−21	−16	−1	5	10	14	9	3	−1	−6	−16	−3,3
Precipitation rate, mm	20	20	25	30	40	40	60	40	30	40	35	30	410
Source: Climate Zone

Symbols of Ust-Kamenogorsk

Coat of arms of the city

At the heart of the coat of arms is a classic shield, which depicts Mountain peaks with bodies of water in between. Which symbolizes the rivers Ulba and Irtysh, framed by green banks. In the upper part of the coat of arms is the name of the city, in the lower part there is a watchtower entwined with a ribbon on which the year of the foundation of the fortress is indicated.

The colors of the coat of arms: yellow - means wealth and strength, blue - greatness and beauty. Green - natural resources. The ratio of the height of the coat of arms to its width is 4: 3

City flag

The flag is a rectangular white cloth, with the image of the city's coat of arms shifted from the center towards the pole. There is a vertical stripe with a national ornament at the flagpole. On the opposite side of the cloth, two diagonal stripes are connected, forming an arrow, which symbolizes the confluence of the two rivers Ulba and Irtysh. The image of the ornament and diagonal stripes in blue, color national flag, which determines the territorial affiliation of the city.

The combination of colors (white, blue, multicolored coat of arms) denotes purity, wealth, prosperity, self-sufficiency. The ratio of the width of the flag to its length 1: 2

Story

Irtysh (left bank) view of the Strelka microdistrict

By the beginning of the 20th century, trade continued to develop, a pier and a railway (Zashchita station) were being built. In 1916, the Geological Committee sent a geologist V.K.Kotulsky to Altai, who got acquainted with the ore deposits of the Southwestern Altai, which he named after the abundance of the latter Rudny, and came to the firm conviction that its bowels are by no means worked out and deserve the most serious attention.

Main demographic indicators (per 1000 inhabitants, data for January-November 2009):

Fertility rate - 14.4
Mortality rate - 12.2
Marriages - 9.3
Divorces - 4.3

National composition

As of January-April 2004, the level of employment in Ust-Kamenogorsk is 51.6%. The unemployment rate in Ust-Kamenogorsk is 2.9%.

May-June 2009 - The unemployment rate in Ust-Kamenogorsk is equal, according to the research, to 20.1% of the economically active population, which exceeds the officially registered indicator by more than 14 times.

Population dynamics

Ulba in the evening

year	population growth
1720	114
1725	141
1825	1304
1840	2101
1855	3471
1861	3334
1897	8721
1900	12676
1907	13164
1920	17200
1939	21100
1959	150400
1970	230400
1979	274400
1989	324500
1993	341800
2005	302200
2007	298830
2009	314812
2011	318812

Industry

Modern Ust-Kamenogorsk is the center of non-ferrous metallurgy in Kazakhstan. At the beginning of the war, the equipment of the Electrozinc plant was evacuated here from the city of Ordzhonikidze. Construction of the first zinc electrolyte plant in Kazakhstan began. After the war, at the expense of reparations from Nazi Germany, the latest equipment from the Magdeburg Zinc Plant was transported here. In September 1947, the Ust-Kamenogorsk Zinc Plant produced the first ingots of metal. And in 1952 it was transformed into a lead-zinc plant (UK SCC). In October 1949, the Ulba Metallurgical Plant (UMP) produced the first batch of its products, which in Soviet times was a "mailbox". His profile was uranium, beryllium and other rare earth compounds. In 1965, a titanium-magnesium combine (TMK) was launched in the Sogra area up the Ulba. In order to find jobs for the female half of the townspeople and direct the development of the city to the left bank of the Irtysh, in 1970 the "Silk Fabrics Factory" (KShT) was founded.

Transport

The city has an international airport.

The most popular type of urban public transport is the tram, although its share in the total traffic is less than that of the bus. ...

Intercity bus service is carried out from three bus stations. The most extensive network (more than 35 directions) has oldest train station, which is located near the Sports Palace on Abay Avenue. From this station, buses go not only to the settlements of the region and the republic, but also to cities in Russia, for example, Krasnoyarsk. The route network of the second station, located on st. Manors, covers only the region (17 directions). The third bus station is located on the street. Vinogradov. Today its routes cover a smaller part of the region (10 routes).

The culture

The city has three cinemas (although in Soviet times there were much more of them), three museums, a drama theater with Russian and Kazakh (since 2000) troupes, the House of Peoples' Friendship, the V. Boris Alexandrov.

Museums

Regional Museum of History and Local Lore
East Kazakhstan Regional Architectural Ethnographic and Natural Landscape Museum-Reserve
East Kazakhstan Museum of Arts

Libraries

Regional library named after A.S. Pushkin
Centralized library system of Ust-Kamenogorsk city
Regional children's and youth library
VK branch of the State Enterprise "Republican Scientific and Technical Library"
East Kazakhstan regional special library for blind and visually impaired citizens (the only one in East Kazakhstan region)

Theaters

East Kazakhstan Regional Drama Theater named after Zhambyl

Cinemas

Active:

"Anniversary"
"Echo" (formerly "October")
"Kinoplexx"

Liquidated:

"Eaglet"
"Torch"
"Kazakhstan"
"Peace"
"Screen"

Sport

Palace of Sports

Ice hockey is the main sport in Ust-Kamenogorsk, the city has even been nicknamed "the hockey smithy". Hockey club "Kazzinc-Torpedo" Ust-Kamenogorsk was opened in 1955, the team was organized at the Ulba Metallurgical Plant. In 1968, the Sports Palace was built for this (now the Boris Aleksandrov Sports Palace or KCDS (Commercial Center for Leisure and Sports) of Kazzinc JSC). Many hockey players now play in Russian teams, such stars as Evgeny Nabokov played in the NHL. At the dawn of independence (as well as now) of Kazakhstan, 98% of the national team consisted and consists of the players of the Ust-Kamenogorsk Torpedo (former or current), and more correctly - the pupils of the Ust-Kamenogorsk hockey. In 1989, the city's hockey school was recognized as the best in the USSR.

Football also developed in Ust-Kamenogorsk.

sights

Muhamadi Mosque

Regional Akimat building

Monument to S. M. Kirov

Bust of Rabindranath Tagore

Akimat of East Kazakhstan region, monument to Abai Kunanbayev
Monument to the memory of soldiers-internationalists
Mass grave of fighters for Soviet power in Ust-Kamenogorsk 1918-1919
Park Zhastar (formerly named after S. M. Kirov)
Palace of culture of metallurgists
East Kazakhstan Regional Drama Theater named after Zhambyl
Monument to Yakov Vasilyevich Ushanov (the first chairman of the Ust-Kamenogorsk Council of Deputies) on Ushanov Square in Ust-Kamenogorsk
Ust-Kamenogorsk building railway station on the street Manors
House of Culture of Builders (DCS) in Ust-Kamenogorsk
Monument to the founder of the city, Life Guards Major Ivan Mikhailovich Likharev
East Kazakhstan architectural-ethnographic and natural-landscape museum-reserve(Mariinsky Women's School)
Baiterek
Fountain "Zodiac"
Sculpture "To the Stars"
House of Mikhail Shilyaev early XX century
St. Zinovievsky Church
Holy Trinity Orthodox male monastery... Temple of St. Sergius of Radonezh
St. Andrew's Cathedral
Novo-Pokrovsky temple
Holy Trinity Church
Mosque "Mukhamadi"
Ethnic village
Mount Ablaketka with the inscription "Kazakstan"
Monument to Efim Pavlovich Slavsky on the Irtysh embankment, which was named after him a few years earlier.

Education and Science

As of January 1, 2008, 27 preschool organizations (22 state and 5 private kindergartens) and 46 schools (including 2 private) operated in the city.

Higher education institutions and colleges

D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan State Technical University
East Kazakhstan State University named after S. Amanzholov
East Kazakhstan Regional University
IT College of the East Kazakhstan State Technical University named after D. Serikbaeva
East Kazakhstan Humanities College
East Kazakhstan Technical and Economic College
College named after People's Teacher of the USSR Kumash Nurgaliev
College of Transportation and Life Safety
College of Economics and Finance
College of Technology Service
Ust-Kamenogorsk College of Professional Training and Service
Ust-Kamenogorsk Medical College
Ust-Kamenogorsk Polytechnic College
Ust-Kamenogorsk Branch of the Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics
State Institution Vocational School No. 2 of Ust-Kamenogorsk
Vocational Lyceum
East Kazakhstan College of Arts named after People's Artists brothers Abdulin

Since 1950, VNIItsvetmet has been operating in the city, created by the decision of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, as the All-Union Scientific Research Mining and Metallurgical Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals.

Ust-Kamenogorsk in culture

The city is mentioned in the novel by Nikolai Anov "The Lost Brother", in the novel by Nikolai Chekmenev "Semirechye", in the television series "Hunters for Diamonds", in the movie "The Crew". Pavel Vasiliev's poem "The City of Seraphim Dagayev" is dedicated to Ust-Kamenogorsk.

Events in Ust-Kamenogorsk

Famous people

Born or lived in Ust-Kamenogorsk:

The Saints

Writers and poets

Anov Nikolay - Russian Soviet writer, translator, one of the founders of the Ust-Kamenogorsk literary association "Altai Link".
Pavel Bazhov is a Russian writer, folklorist, who was the first to perform literary processing of the Ural tales.
Bokeev Oralkhan - Kazakh Soviet, Kazakh writer, editor-in-chief of the newspaper "Kazakh Literature".
Vasiliev Pavel - Russian Soviet poet, representative of the so-called. "New peasant" trend in literature; repressed.
Volkov Alexander - Russian Soviet writer, creator of a cycle of stories about the Magic Land.
Egorov Alexander - Russian Soviet, Kazakh writer.
Eremeev Sergey - Russian Soviet poet and writer.
Anatoly Ivanov - one of the largest "native people" who wrote novels on a rural theme, Hero of Socialist Labor, honorary citizen of Ust-Kamenogorsk.
Ivanusyev-Altaysky Mikhail - Russian Soviet writer, poet, translator, journalist, one of the founders of the Ust-Kamenogorsk literary association "Altai Link".
Kaisenov Kasym - Writer, WWII veteran, commander of a partisan detachment, holder of orders - Khalyk Khakarmany, Bogdan Khmelnitsky, Laureate of the A. Fadeev International Prize, public figure.
Kurdakov Evgeniy - Russian Soviet writer, translator from Turkic languages, Laureate of the All-Russian Pushkin Jubilee Prize in 1999.
Obruchev Vladimir - Russian scientist-traveler, science fiction writer.
Permitin Efim is a Russian Soviet writer.
Potanin Grigory - Russian geographer, ethnographer, folklorist, one of the founders of Siberian regionalism.
Stanislav Chernykh is a local lore writer, archivist, honored cultural worker, a member of the USSR Writers' Union.
Chistyakov Mikhail - Russian Soviet poet, honorary citizen of the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk.

Scientists and researchers

Alekseenko Nikolay - scientist-demographer, founder of the historical demography of Kazakhstan.
Berda Evgeniy is a famous Kazakhstani design engineer.
Bukhman Vladimir - scientist-solar technician, solar power engineer, inventor of the solar concentrator.
Grigory Golosov is a Russian political scientist.
von Humboldt Alexander is a German travel scientist.
Dyatlov Dmitry is a modern Kazakhstani writer, psychologist, author of a number of psychosocial business methods.
Koksharov Nikolay - Russian mineralogist.
Michaelis Eugene - Russian scientist, ethnographer, political exile.
Nurgaliev Kumash - organizer of secondary education in Kazakhstan, people's teacher of the USSR, founder of a pedagogical dynasty.
Dmitry Pankratyev is a naturalist scientist.
Serikbayev Daulet - organizer higher education in Kazakhstan, the first rector.
Boris Shcherbakov - Russian Soviet ornithologist, writer, honorary citizen of Ust-Kamenogorsk.

Politicians, military, public figures

Gribakin Vasily - chairman of the commune "The First Russian Society of Farmers-Communards."
Kornilov Lavr - Russian military leader, one of the leaders of the White movement.
Malenkov Georgy - Soviet statesman and party leader.
Muravyov-Apostol Matvey - Decembrist, member of the Southern Society, participant in the uprising of the Chernigov regiment, political exile.
Reisch Bruno - Honored Doctor of the Kazakh SSR, excellent healthcare worker, chief surgeon of the East Kazakhstan region, People's Deputy of the USSR.
Roshchin Lev - pilot, participant of the Great Patriotic War, The hero of the USSR.
Ushanov Yakov - the first chairman of the Ust-Kamenogorsk Soviet of Deputies.
Sharov Vladimir is a public figure, an honorary citizen of the city.

Athletes

Boris Aleksandrov (1955-2002) - hockey player, champion of the 1976 Winter Olympics, multiple champion of the USSR.
Barmashov, Dmitry Vladimirovich (born 1985) - Kazakhstani freestyler of the Winter Asian Games-2011
Galysheva, Yulia Evgenievna (born 1992) - Kazakhstani freestyle, winner and medalist of the World Cup and European Cup stages, winner of the Winter Asian Games-2011
Kvochkin Sergey (1938-2007) - Soviet footballer, forward of "Kairat" (Alma-Ata), member of the club of Kazakhstani scorers, master of sports of international class.
Ulan Konysbaev (born 1990) - Kazakhstani footballer, attacking midfielder of the Kazakhstan national team and the Astana club, the best football player in Kazakhstan in 2011.
Evgeniy Nabokov (born 1975) - hockey player, goalkeeper, pupil of the Ust-Kamenogorsk ice hockey school, world champion in 2008 as part of the Russian national team.
Paladev Evgeny (1948-2010) - Soviet hockey player, defender. Honored Master of Sports of the USSR (1969), world champion 1969, 1970, 1973.
Reikherd, Dmitry Alexandrovich (born 1989) - Kazakhstani freestyler, winner and medalist of the World Cup and European Cup stages, winner of the Winter Asian Games-2011
Rodionova, Yulia Sergeevna (born 1990) - Kazakhstani freestyle, winner and medalist of the World Cup and European Cup stages, winter Asian Games-2011
Rybalova, Daria Vladimirovna (born 1988) - Kazakhstani freestyler, winner and medalist of the World Cup and European Cup stages, winner of the Winter Universiade-2011
Rypakova Olga (born 1984) - Honored Master of Sports, Kazakh athlete, two-time champion of the Asian Games in triple jump and heptathlon, Olympic champion in triple jump (2012, London).
Smagulov Aydin - Kyrgyz judoka, bronze medalist of the 2000 Olympics.
Turukalo Nadezhda - Soviet athlete (diving), master of sports of international class, multiple champion and record holder of the USSR, Europe, the world, was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor.

Singers, dancers, representatives of show business

Twin cities

Gallery

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