The population of the city is water mines. Mineralnye Vody is the main transport hub of the North Caucasus
The history of the city began with the construction of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz railway here, which ended in 1885, and the station was named "Sultanovskaya" in honor of Sultan Girey, who owned these lands. In those days, about five hundred workers lived in the village, who served the railway station and the depot. Later, artisans and traders began to come to the nearby territories, who sold their goods to workers. railroad, after which they submitted a petition to the Sultan to create a village. The settlement appeared in 1878 and bore the name "Sultanovsky". In 1930, the Zmeika stone crushing plant and the Beshtownit mine appeared in the village. An airport was built here in 1925, after which this facility became important among the main air routes. In 1924, the Mineralovodsky district was formed here. During the Great Patriotic War active hostilities were conducted here. After the end of the war, the city of Mineralnye Vody became the largest center of the Stavropol Territory.
sights
Among the sights of the city are the memorial "Eternal Glory" and the monument to General Ermolov. Of the religious buildings, St. Nicholas Church, the Seventh-day Adventist Church, and the Cathedral of the Intercession deserve close attention. Holy Mother of God, Church of Evangelical Christians-Baptists.
If you want more active recreation than in the city park of culture and recreation with its fountains and the Eternal Flame, you can always go to the nearest mountain villages, on an excursion to the Tersk stud farm, to the water park or the local health and fitness center.
For curious tourists in the city there is a museum of local lore and a house-museum of the writer A.P. Bibik. People interested in architecture, as well as Orthodox believers, should not pass by St. Nicholas Church and the Cathedral of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos, in which the relics of St. Theodosius of the Caucasus, the heavenly patron of the region, rest.
Nutrition
You can start acquaintance with the cafes and restaurants of Minvod practically from railway station, not far from which, on the street. On the 22nd Party Congress, 8, there is a glorious cafe "Vina Proskovei". Although "Proskoveyskie wines" would be more correctly attributed to a bar: there is a rich assortment of wines, cognacs and juices for children, but the products are mainly represented by all kinds of snacks.
Here in the Nostalgie cafe at the Prestige hotel, the problem will be completely different: what kind of cuisine, European or local, and whether to take some food with you. Everything can be solved: the cafe provides for prompt delivery of dishes throughout the city. You can have a hearty meal in the restaurants and cafes "Holburg", "Edem" at st. 22nd Party Congress, 64, "Caucasus" (K. Marx St., 53), "Lakomka" (K. Marx St., 57), "Cinema" (Shkolnaya St., 11), "Kolibri" (st. Stavropolskaya, 72), "Noble nest" (Orenburgskaya st., 56) or in the "Children's restaurant" on the street. Lenina, 26. And all this without taking into account the many street cafes that open in the summer, where you can always dine on a barbecue, washed down with light wine, beer or tasty and healthy mineral waters at will.
Shopping
In any resort town, you can easily find many pavilions with souvenirs, paintings by local artists and many other nice trinkets. V Mineralnye Vody oh, things are exactly the same: kiosks, galleries and just tents under open air... There are also corresponding shops, for example, "Caprice", which is located at 71 Karl Marx Avenue. There are many shops along this avenue that can arouse increased interest among ladies: jewelry, perfumery Paradise, all kinds of shoe, clothing and leather goods stores. From shopping centers it is worth noting "21 Century" and the impressive "Passage", located a little further from the city, closer to the village of Inozemtsevo.
How to get there
By train
There is only one railway station in Mineralnye Vody. It serves the station of the same name, which is the most important transport hub on the entire North Caucasian railway. The station receives and dispatches daily commuter trains(to Buddenovsk, Kmislovodsk, etc.), trains long distance(Moscow, St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg).
Mineral water- a city, the administrative center of the Mineralovodsk urban district of the Stavropol Territory. It is part of the ecological-resort region of the Caucasian Mineral Waters.
Name variations
- Mineral Waters (Kumskaya)
- Mine-Water (in everyday use)
Geography
The city is located in the valley of the Kuma River, about 130 km southeast of Stavropol. The city has the largest airport in southern Russia connecting the Caucasian Mineralnye Vody region with other regions of Russia, a junction railway station of the North Caucasian railway on the Armavir - Prokhladnaya line with a branch to Kislovodsk, federal highway M-29 Kavkaz. From here you can get to the resort cities of Zheleznovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentuki, Kislovodsk, as well as the city of Lermontov.
The city stands (at an altitude of 330-350 m above sea level; 300 m - in Zavokzalye, in the Kuma region) at the foot picturesque mountain A snake with a height of 994 m above sea level. Most of the mountain is covered by the beshtaugorsk forest, and the part from the city side is a formidable kind of rocks and quarries connected by a serpentine old roads. In the middle of the last century, building rock was actively developed here and a stone processing plant worked. In good weather, the peaks of Elbrus are visible from the city, to which in a straight line 91 km. From the city you can go to sightseeing bus, by road this distance will increase to 250 km.
The climate of the city is relatively dry, humid air masses from the Black Sea do not reach here, they are retained by the Main Caucasian ridge. The climate of the city of Mineralnye Vody is distinguished by contrast - hot, dry summers, frosty and rainy winters. Spring and summer are clearly expressed. The coldest months are January and February, the warmest are July and August. Spring begins at the end of February.
Summer starts in mid-May. It is warm and long lasting (about 140 days). Autumn begins in late September - early October. The best time years for recreation and travel - autumn. It can be sunny, dry, rich in fruits and bright colors of landscapes. Precipitation on the territory of the city falls extremely unevenly according to the seasons of the year and ranges from 300 mm to 600 mm per year.
The city of Mineralnye Vody is located mainly in the steppe zone. The plains here have long been reclaimed, plowed up and built up, virgin lands with silvery feather grass have been preserved only in small fragments along the roadsides. Here on the soils, in addition to feather grass, fescue, thin-legged, wheatgrass grow, in spring Veronica turns blue, in summer gray leaves of white-toothed oak tree appear, yellow baskets of elecampane, prickly rosettes of zopnik. At the foot of the mountain, on solonetzic soils, Crimean wormwood, creeping kokhia and kermek are abundant. Animal world territory has been significantly reduced and changed by man. On the steppe areas, you can occasionally see a hare, a jerboa, a gray hamster, a hedgehog, a steppe ferret. Vole mice live here. The mounds of the earth are lined up, which testifies to the underground work of the common mole rat. There are also eagle, hawk, owl and owl.
The city owes its birth to the construction of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz railway. The construction was completed in 1875. The junction station with a branch to Kislovodsk was named "Sultanovskaya" because it was located on the lands belonging to the former Crimean sultan Girey. At that time, about 500 workers lived in the right-of-way (the territory belonging to the railway joint-stock company, bounded by a concrete wall), serving the local locomotive depot, station and other railway enterprises. And nearby, on the lands of Sultan Dzhanbek-Girey, with his consent, new settlers soon settled. These were mainly handicraftsmen and traders who supplied their products and goods to the railway workers. The settlers submitted a petition to the authorities to form a village. In 1878 the settlement received the legal status and the name "Sultanovsky".
In 1929-1930, enterprises for the extraction and processing of nonmetallic materials appeared - the Zmeika stone crushing plant and the Beshtownit mine. After the construction of the airport in 1925, the city became an important point on the main air routes of the USSR. In 1924, the Mineralovodsk region was formed by the Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee.
The Holy Monk Theodosius of the Caucasus (1841-1948) from 1931 to 1948 lived in Mineralnye Vody, after returning from the Solovetsky Islands he accepted the feat of foolishness. In recent years he lived with the novices in a small, damp house with low ceilings. In December 1994, in the Stavropol diocesan administration, at the diocesan council, the question of studying the life of Hieroschemamonk Theodosius and the popular veneration of him as a saint of God was raised. The relics of the Holy Reverend Theodosius of the Caucasus are in the Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos.
In the first days of the Great Patriotic War, 18 thousand minerals went to the front. Women and children took their jobs. Some enterprises switched to the production of military products. 6,269 residents of the city were awarded orders and medals, 12 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In the war, 7 thousand inhabitants of mineral resources were killed.
In the evening of August 8, 1942, the 40th German Tank Corps of the 1st Panzer Army of Baron Leo-Geir von Schweppenburg approached the northern bank of the Kuma River, where he was met by the city's defenders - cadets of the Novocherkassk Cavalry School. On August 10, the city was occupied by the troops of Nazi Germany. The railway station "Mineralnye Vody" was an extremely important object, through it went the provision of the German troops advancing on Vladikavkaz and Baku. In the building of the railway station there was a German commandant's office, where interrogations were conducted. Outside the city, near the glass factory, there was a deep anti-tank ditch, near which massacres of civilians were carried out every day. More than 10 thousand people from all Caucasian Mineral Waters were killed and buried there.
On January 11, 1943, a Soviet tank battalion under the command of Captain Petrov entered the city along the railway line from Prokhladny, advancing in the direction of the railway station, where the main enemy forces were concentrated. At the same time, rifle units entered the city. Soviet troops blocked several trains with German equipment, uniforms and food at the station. On the street "50 years of October" there is a memorial for tankmen with a T-34-85 tank.
After the war, Mineralnye Vody became one of the largest cities Stavropol region.
On June 5, 1964, the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR decided to restrict the residence of citizens in the resort towns of Pyatigorsk, Kislovodsk, Zheleznovodsk, Yessentuki, Mineralnye Vody and adjacent settlements of the Stavropol Territory.
Monuments
- Mass grave for the red partisans who died in the civil war of 1918-1920.
- Monument to V.I. Lenin - the intersection of Karl Marx Avenue and the XXII Party Congress. It was installed on November 5, 1960.
- Monument-memorial "Fire of Eternal Glory" to the soldiers who died during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Opened May 9, 1976
- Monument to General Ermolov.
- Monument to tankmen on the Dzhemukha River.
- Monument to the Monk Sergius of Radonezh, erected in December 2014.
- Monument to Peter and Fevronia at the entrance to the local registry office, installed on July 9, 2013.
sights
From 1998 to 2008, at the entrance to the city there was a stele "Mineral Waters", installed on the 120th anniversary of the city. In its place, the Vershina shopping and entertainment center was built.
) OKATO code: 07421
Founded: 1878
City with: 1920 City of regional subordination
Centre: Mineralovodsky district Deviation from Moscow time, hours: 0
Geographic latitude: 44 ° 13 "
Geographic longitude: 43 ° 08 "
Height above sea level, meters: 300
Sunrise and sunset times in Mineralnye Vody
Map
Mineralnye Vody: photo from space (Google Maps)
Mineralnye Vody: photo from space (Microsoft Virtual Earth)
| Mineral water. Nearby cities. Distances in km. by map (in brackets by road) + direction. By hyperlink in the column distance you can get a route (information courtesy of the AutoTransInfo website) |
|||
| 1 | Levokumka | 2 (2) | SV |
| 2 | Andzhievsky | 3 () | SZ |
| 3 | 12 (21) | SW | |
| 4 | Inozemtsevo | 13 (15) | YU |
| 5 | Alexandria | 15 (22) | V |
| 6 | Lysogorskaya | 16 () | SE |
| 7 | 18 (33) | SW | |
| 8 | Konstantinovskaya | 19 () | YU |
| 9 | Vinsads | 20 () | SW |
| 10 | Goryachevodsky | 21 () | YU |
| 11 | 21 (21) | YU | |
| 12 | Freedom | 22 (25) | YU |
| 13 | Podgornaya | 23 (28) | V |
| 14 | Non-spiteful | 24 () | SE |
| 15 | 27 (35) | V | |
| 16 | Yutsa | 28 (31) | YU |
| 17 | Krasnokumskoe | 29 () | V |
| 18 | Georgievskaya | 30 () | SE |
| 19 | Essentuki | 30 () | SW |
| 20 | 30 (37) | SW | |
| 21 | Abundant | 33 () | V |
| 22 | Zalukokoazhe (Kabardino-Balkar Republic) | 35 () | YU |
| 23 | Zolskaya | 36 () | YU |
| 24 | Yasnaya Polyana | 36 () | SW |
| 25 | Suvorovskaya | 38 (64) | Z |
| 26 | Newly established | 40 () | V |
| 27 | Maryinskaya | 47 () | SE |
| 28 | Cuba (Kabardino-Balkar Republic) | 47 () | SE |
| 29 | 47 (58) | SW | |
| 30 | Malka (Kabardino-Balkar Republic) | 48 () | YU |
| 31 | 48 (61) | SE | |
a brief description of
The city is located in the Ciscaucasia, on the southeastern outskirts of the Stavropol Upland, in the valley of the river. Kuma, 170 km southeast of Stavropol. Transport node. Railway station.
Territory (sq. Km): 1495
Information about the city of Mineralnye Vody on the Russian Wikipedia website
Historical sketch
It was founded in 1878 in connection with the construction of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz railway as the settlement of Sultanovsky at the Mineralnye Vody station (opened in 1875), which served the resorts of the Caucasian mineral waters, which determined its name.
Since 1920 the city of Mineralnye Vody.
During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45 it was occupied by fascist German troops on August 10, 1942. It was liberated on January 12, 1943 by the troops of the Transcaucasian Front during the North Caucasian operation.
Economy
Railway enterprises transport, food industry (butter plant, gelatin plant, distillery, meat processing plant).
Building materials production. Factories: "Souvenir", glassworks.
Wheat, rye, barley, oats, corn, buckwheat, sunflower, soybeans, rapeseed, coriander are grown in the Mineralovodsky district. Cattle, pigs, sheep, horses, goats are bred.
Main enterprises
CABLE INDUSTRY
Software "Radian"357310, Stavropol Territory, Mineralnye Vody, st. 22 Party Congress, 64
Offers: cable and wire products
REPAIR OF CIVIL AIRCRAFT, HELICOPTERS, THEIR EQUIPMENT AND AIRCRAFT ENGINES
JSC "Plant GA-411"357310, Stavropol Territory, Mineralnye Vody,
Offers: civil aircraft
GLASS AND PORCELAIN-FAIENCE INDUSTRY
JSC "Kavminsteklo"357327, Stavropol Territory, Mineralnye Vody, village Andzhievsky, st. Factory, 1
Offers: glass bottles, ceramic products
Universities of the city
Mineralovodsk branch of the Academy of Law and Management (Institute)357203, Stavropol Territory, Mineralnye Vody, st. Gagarin, 90-a
Mineralovodsk branch of the Moscow Open Social Academy
357203, Stavropol Territory, Mineralnye Vody, st. Gagarin, 90
Having no sources of healing water on its territory, the city of Mineralnye Vody got its name due to the proximity of the legendary resorts of the Kavminvod region, in which it plays the role of the main transport hub. And not only there - it is strategically important on the scale of the entire North Caucasus due to the presence international airport, the junction station of the SevKavZhD and the federal highway M-29 "Kavkaz".
Mineralnye Vody on the map of Russia is the administrative center of the Mineralovodsky region, which is located in the south of the Stavropol Territory and belongs to the specially protected resort area... To the south of it is the Foothill region, where the health resorts of Zheleznovodsk, Pyatigorsk, Essentuki and Kislovodsk are located, as well as the city of Lermontov. Further to the south, the Caucasian ridge rises. The distance to the regional center along the motorway is about 160 km.
The city was built in the valley of the Kuma River, at the foot of the Zmeyki Mountain, which is almost 1000 m high, and its districts are at different elevations - from 300 to 350 m above sea level. The local mountain landscapes reveal dense forests, meadows, rugged cliffs, old quarries and winding paths between them.
On clear days, you can see the gray head from the city, to which it is 100 km on the map, but the excursion route there will be more than twice as long.
The climate in Mineralnye Vody is largely determined by the proximity of a large mountain range, which blocks the path of the humid Black Sea air. It is not necessary to count on the uniformity of precipitation, and their annual amount ranges from 300 to 600 mm.
In winter, there are both frosts and rains. Spring comes even before the beginning of March, and soon the air warms up to 25 °, but at times it gets noticeably colder. Summer is hot and dry; starting in the second decade of May, it lasts almost until the end of September. Autumn is warm and comfortable, there is no depressing slush and dampness.
History of origin and development
Upon completion of the construction of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz railway in 1875, the new station was named Mineralnye Vody, since it was here that everyone who was going to follow further (on stagecoaches) arrived to rest and receive treatment at the life-giving springs of the Kavminvod.
All transport facilities (station, depot and other facilities) were served then by about half a thousand workers who lived in the alienation strip that stretched along the embankment and roadbed. But there were also those who, having settled nearby, earned money by servicing the railway workers themselves - these are ubiquitous traders, handicraftsmen, etc. Sultan Girey allowed them to occupy a plot of their land.
Soon they began to petition that this territory be considered a village. This status was obtained in July 1878, the new settlement was named Sultanovsky. With the development and increase in the intensity of the railway communication, the workers moved to live in the village, and it began to grow.
This process accelerated after the start of production at a glass factory built in 1898. In 1905, the village was renamed into Illarionovsky, in honor of the newly appointed Caucasian governor, who became Count Illarion Vorontsov-Dashkov.
Mineralnye Vody railway station has made an invaluable contribution to the development and growth of popularity of the region's resorts. Immediately after its opening, the flow of tourists increased sharply, which forced the further development of these cities and the formation of a worthy medical base in them. The year 1894 also became a kind of milestone in the history of Mineralnye Vody: through this station the trains went further - to the resort towns.
This created a real boom among entrepreneurs who saw tremendous prospects for investing in infrastructure, sanatoriums, hotels, and summer cottages. In this regard, the attendance of the resorts has increased even more, and their fame has stepped abroad.
Caucasian Ministers have firmly taken their niche not only in the field of health improvement of Russians of different classes, but also in the social and cultural life of the country. People of creative professions staying there at all times became a source of inspiration for them.
In 1922, the new authorities decided that the railway station and the nearby village should be one administrative unit. As a result, the city of Mineralnye Vody appeared on the map of the young republic. He, as before, was the most important point transport infrastructure in the south of the state.
Two years later, a decree was issued on the formation of the Mineralovodsky district, and in 1925 the importance of the city increased even more in connection with the construction of an airport near it. Industry gradually developed: in the late 1920s and early 1930s, enterprises for the extraction of nonmetallic materials and their processing by crushing were opened, later other production facilities appeared.
Almost immediately at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, 18 thousand citizens, including volunteers, went to the front. The enterprises, some of which began to manufacture products for military orders, now employed the elderly, women and adolescents.
In early August 1942, Mineralnye Vody was occupied by the Germans, the commandant's office was located in the station building: this transport hub played an important role in supplying their units rushing to Baku and Vladikavkaz. By the end of the five-month period of the German "order" in the city, all important economic objects were destroyed, and the depot and the station also did not survive.
In addition, Jewish citizens from all the resort towns of Kavminvod were regularly brought there. The place of mass executions was the vicinity of a glass factory, where there was an anti-tank ditch - the dead were thrown into it. In total, over 10 thousand people were killed.
The beginning of January 1943 brought great joy to Mineralnye Vody - our rifle units and a tank battalion burst into the city with battles, German rule here came to an end. More than 7 thousand local residents did not return from the war, over 6 thousand people were awarded awards, 12 townspeople became Heroes of the Soviet Union.
The restoration of the city began immediately after the liberation, but it was only in the second half of the 1950s that it was possible to finally recover from the damage and begin the massive construction of housing and the expansion of socially significant communications in Mineralnye Vody.
A new station at the railway station appeared in 1955. The growth and development of the city allowed it to become one of the largest cities in the Stavropol Territory.
The desire to increase the recreational opportunities of the Kavminvod resorts and, at the same time, concern for the preservation of the unique natural properties of the region became the reasons for restricting registration not only in the area where the springs were, but also in the city of Mineralnye Vody, the nearest settlements (1964).
The city met the beginning of the 1980s quite comfortable - this concerned most of its territory; unfolded the construction of multi-storey, including high-rise, residential buildings. In 1984, the development of a mining quarry was completed, which had been in progress for more than half a century, and transport connection continued to develop - a new highway was built between Mineralnye Vody and Kislovodsk.
City and modernity
As in the whole country, the 1990s in Mineralnye Vody were remembered for the fact that in different spheres of life everything that had been created in the previous decades fell into decay. The reduction in the number of employees, non-payment of wages, the emergence of owners of enterprises and the transfer of property from hand to hand - the same scenario was everywhere, the townspeople survived as best they could.
The July events of 1994 intensified the drama of this period of history: intercity bus and 36 of his passengers were taken hostage. During the operation to free them, 4 people were killed.
March 2001 brought a new test: an explosive device went off in the busiest part of the city (the entrance to the market), many people were injured, 26 people died. Events in the peaceful city of Mineralnye Vody then shook the whole of Russia.
Today, it is still among the largest cities in the Stavropol Territory and not only remains an important transport hub, but also increases its potential in this area. The airport now accepts 20 flights from all over our country and 24 international flights.
From Mineralnye Vody to resort towns can be reached by modern highways and electric trains. The local branch of SevKavZhD is in charge of the Kavminvod region, part of the Stavropol Territory and the North Caucasian republics (a total of 20 long-distance and short-distance routes).
Mineralnye Vody today is also a large industrial center with a good investment climate. There are almost a thousand enterprises of various profiles in the city. Of these, the most significant are those related to instrument making, representing the light, food, chemical, woodworking and construction industries.
There are also about 2 thousand entrepreneurs working. The well-known mineral water "Novoterskaya curative" is produced here (it is mined at the Zmeykinskoye deposit, at a depth of up to 1.5 thousand meters).
The city covers an area of 51.6 square meters. km, its multi-ethnic population has grown to 76 thousand people. As in the administrative center of the region, TV and radio companies operate here, newspapers are published.
Mineralnye Vody is trying to actively develop social infrastructure in order to better meet the needs of citizens in the field of medical care, preschool education, secondary school, special and higher education, intellectual and physical development, cultural leisure activities. The southern part of the urban areas was chosen for the implementation of a grandiose project for the construction of the so-called New City.
Culture and attractions
Arriving in Mineralnye Vody, in your free time you can take a walk in the city park, get acquainted with the exhibits of the museum of local lore and the House-Museum of the writer A.P. Bibik, visit art galleries, concert halls, cinemas, entertainment centers.
If the soul asks to turn to religious values, this will be facilitated by visiting one of the churches (there are several of them here) or the Intercession Cathedral, which is very interesting in terms of architecture.
Built less than 20 years ago, the cathedral has graced the entire city with its presence. The church authorities designated it as a place for storing the relics of St. Theodosius of the Caucasus, who was found in the city of Mineralnye Vody in the last years of his life (1931 - 48), courageously carrying his cross. Believers pray to him for help in healing soul and body.
Several monuments and memorials are dedicated to military valor:
- General A.P. Ermolov, commander of a group of Russian troops during the Caucasian war in the 19th century;
- a mass grave of the Red Army soldiers who died in the Civil War;
- Fire of Eternal Glory, a tribute to the memory of the residents of the city who died in the Great Patriotic War;
- liberators of the city (T-34 tank on a pedestal).
A year after the terrorist attack in the city of Mineralnye Vody, a monument was erected to perpetuate the memory of its victims.
A kind of "face" of the resort region is the monumental building of the station at the railway station. Nearby there is a hard-working steam locomotive that "ran" along the local routes in the 1930s.
Mineralnye Vody is a natural monument of national importance - it is the Zmeyka Mountain, at the foot of which the city is spread. Thanks to the petrified magma, it is interesting for scientists studying the features of volcanic rocks. There are two sources on the mountain - Saint and Saint Theodosius. Tourists make ascents: what to see, there is not only above, but also below - the city will be at a glance.
The city of Mineralnye Vody is located on the territory of the state (country) Russia, which in turn is located on the continent Europe.Which federal district does the city of Mineralnye Vody belong to?
Mineralnye Vody is part of the federal district: North Caucasian.The Federal District is an enlarged territory consisting of several constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
In which region is the city of Mineralnye Vody located?
The city of Mineralnye Vody is part of the Stavropol Territory region.The characteristic of a region or subject of a country is the possession of the integrity and interconnection of its constituent elements, including cities and other settlements included in the region.
Region Stavropol Territory is an administrative unit of the state of Russia.