The name of the large cities of the Crimea in antiquity. Ancient cities

This is the name of the ancient city-states (city-states), the inhabitants of which were equal citizens, each of which had the right to its own land plot and all political rights. Part of the population was not included in the policy and did not have the rights of citizens. From the 6th century BC such Greek antique cities began to arise in the northern Black Sea region. Chersonesus Tauric (Sevastopol) was such an ancient city along with Feodosia, Panticapaeum (Kerch), Olvia and others.

- the deepest canyon in Ukraine, separating two mountain ranges- Boyka and Ai-Petri, length - about 3 km, maximum depth - 320 m, minimum width 3-5 m.First described by Professor I.I.Puzanov in 1925 ...
Toponymic dictionary Crimea
- Crimean, Yalta, Cape Martyan, Karadagsky, Kazantipsky, Opuksky ...
Toponymic dictionary of Crimea
- South Coast of Crimea from Cape Aya to Kara-Dag, this coastal strip is primarily a climatic resort. A climate close to the Mediterranean has formed here ...
Toponymic dictionary of Crimea
- a small cyclone arising from western tropospheric flows from the leeward side Crimean mountains, a vortex with an almost vertical axis. It draws in air from the yailas, increasing the north-westerly winds from the mountains in the south ...
Dictionary of the Winds
- settlements, DOS. Greeks and Romans in foreign lands ...
- Greek and Roman settlements based on foreign lands ...
The ancient world. Reference dictionary
- ANTIQUE LITERATURE, literature Dr. Greece and Rome. Even in Kievan Rus, the works were known. ancient authors; in Old Russian. There are translations of the speeches of Demosthenes in the manuscripts ...
Lermontov Encyclopedia
- cities that arose during the Greek. colonization in the north. the coast of the Black m. in the 6-5th centuries. BC e. Episodic. visits by the Greeks to the Black m. were already in the 2nd half. 2nd and 1st floor. 1st millennium BC e., but systematic ...
Soviet Historical Encyclopedia
- in the Black Sea region. Arose during Greek colonization in the 7th century. BC e. The largest A. g. In the northern Black Sea region are Tyra, Olbia ...
Russian encyclopedia
- cities that arose during Greek colonization on the northern coast of the Black Sea in the 6-5th centuries. BC e. At the end of the 7th century. BC e. on the northern shores of the Black Sea, Greek trading posts arose - emporia ...
- settlements founded by ancient peoples in foreign lands ...
Great Soviet Encyclopedia
- a narrow strip of the coast of the Crimean peninsula, from Cape Aya in the west to the Karadag massif in the east. Comfortable subtropical Mediterranean climate ...
Modern encyclopedia
-; arose during Greek colonization from the 6th century. BC e. The largest ancient cities: in the north - Tira - Olbia, Chersonesos, Feodosia, Panticapaeum, Phanagoria, Tanais; on the Caucasian coast - Gorgippia, Dioscuriada, Phasis ...
- a narrow, gently hilly strip of the coast of the Crimean Peninsula, bounded in the north by the slopes of the Main ridge of the Crimean Mountains. Length approx. 150 km - from Cape Aya in the west to the Karadag massif in the east ...
Big encyclopedic dictionary
- city / city - scientific / scientific center / ntr, city / kind - scientific / scientific center / ntra, pl. cities / - scientific / scientific centers / ntry, city / in - scientific / scientific ...
Together. Apart. Hyphened. Reference dictionary
- He will arrive, like a khan, to the Crimea ...
IN AND. Dahl. Russian proverbs

"ANTIQUE CITIES OF CRIMEA" in books

Chapter Seven FROM THE CITY OF GLUPOV TO THE "STORY OF ONE CITY"

From the book Saltykov-Shchedrin the author Tyunkin Konstantin Ivanovich

Chapter Seven FROM THE CITY OF GLUPOV TO THE "HISTORY OF ONE CITY" The village ... the village ... Alien to the subtle Turgenev poeticization of nature, Saltykov, in his own way, with his characteristic spiritual severity and, at the same time, emotional depth, perceived the natural world and expressively,

Chapter VII, which tells how Francis reached the city of Gubbio, tended the lepers and dealt with the ferocious wolf that attacked the inhabitants of the city.

From the book Biography of Saint Francis of Assisi the author Yakovelli Anacleto

Chapter VII, which tells how Francis reached the city of Gubbio, tended the lepers and dealt with the ferocious wolf that attacked the inhabitants of the city. Leaving the monastery of St. Verecundius, Francis soon reached the city of Gubbio, located below the slope

Cave cities of Crimea

From the book Atlantis and other disappeared cities the author Podolsky Yuri Fedorovich

Cave cities of Crimea Between Sevastopol and Bakhchisarai there is a special land, deserted and harsh. Damp heat in the valleys and the eternal wind at heights, sheer white rocks and the forest all in some kind of wild thorns, placers of shards in the fields, in ravines and, finally, ruins on the rocks

7.54 Honorary Citizen of the city of the Queen is presented by B.E. Chertok, the head of the city A.F. Morozenko

From the book Rockets and People. Hot days of the cold war the author Chertok Boris Evseevich

7.54 Honorary Citizen of the city of the Queen is presented by B.E. Chertok, the head of the city A.F.

2. Civil administration of the city of Rome. - The Senate no longer exists. - Consuls. - City officials. - Know. - Judicial structure. - Prefect of the city. - The Papal Court. - Seven ministers of the court and other courtiers

the author Gregorovius Ferdinand

2. Civil administration of the city of Rome. - The Senate no longer exists. - Consuls. - City officials. - Know. - Judicial structure. - Prefect of the city. - The Papal Court. - Seven ministers of the court and other courtiers Our information about general position Roman people in

3. Description of the city. - Anonymous Einsiedelnsky. - Roman legends. - Sounding statues on the Capitol. - Legend about the construction of the Pantheon. - graphia of the golden city of Rome. - memoria of Julius Caesar

From the book History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages the author Gregorovius Ferdinand

5.2. The walls of Kitai-Gorod, the White City and the Earthen City in Moscow are described by Flavius as three walls that surrounded Jerusalem

From the author's book

5.2. Walls of Kitai-gorod, White city and the Earthen City in Moscow are described by Flavius as three walls that surrounded Jerusalem. This is what Flavius tells about the walls of Jerusalem. “THREE WALLS PROTECTED THE CITY ... THE FIRST of the three walls, the Old Wall, was almost inaccessible

From the book History of Ukraine. Popular science essays the author Team of authors

Ancient cities of the Northern Black Sea region Ancient Greek cities, as well as unfortified settlements on the northern shores of Pontus Euxine and Meotida (Black and Azov seas) appeared at the final stage of the “great Greek colonization”. Mastering this region

Chapter V. ANTIQUE CITY-STATES OF THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA

the author Team of authors

Chapter V. ANTIQUE CITY-STATES OF THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA Ancient society and its culture had an outstanding value in the history of mankind. Numerous of his achievements in various branches of human activity became an integral part of the basis

2. ANTIQUE CITY-STATES IN THE PERIOD FROM VI TO II CENTURY BC

From the book History of the Ukrainian SSR in ten volumes. Volume one the author Team of authors

2. ANTIQUE CITY-STATES IN THE PERIOD FROM VI TO II CENTURY BC Main stages of development of city-states. In the life of the northern Black Sea cities of the VI-II centuries. BC e. several stages can be traced. The earliest of them falls on the VI century. BC BC when the foundation took place

3. ANTIQUE CITY-STATES IN THE I CENTURY BC - IV CENTURY N. E

From the book History of the Ukrainian SSR in ten volumes. Volume one the author Team of authors

3. ANTIQUE CITIES-STATES IN THE I CENTURY BCE - IV VN E Northern Black Sea region at the end of the II century. BC e. - IV century. n. e. End of II – I centuries. BC e. were for the ancient cities - states of the Northern Black Sea region a time of general socio - economic and political crisis.

ANTIQUE CITY-STATES in the 1st century BC e. - IV century. n. e.

the author Dyulichev Valery Petrovich

ANTIQUE CITY-STATES in the 1st century BC e. - IV century. n. e. NORTHERN BLACK SEA at the end of the II century. BC e. - IV century. n. e. End of II-I centuries BC e. was for the ancient cities of the states of the Northern Black Sea region a time of general crisis. The internal crisis coincided with profound changes in their

CITIES OF CRIMEA

From the book Stories on the History of Crimea the author Dyulichev Valery Petrovich

CITIES OF CRIMEA Economic successes contributed to the growth of Crimean cities. By the end of the century, Simferopol was rightfully the administrative, cultural and economic center of the province. All provincial institutions and organizations were located in the city. Simferopol is the first of all

Ancient cities of the Northern Black Sea region

From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (AN) of the author TSB

ABOUT THE LATINIAN CAPTURE OF THE CITY OF THESSALONIKI. COMMUNICATION TO EUSTATHIUS, ARCHBISHOP OF THESSALONIA, ABOUT THE LAST HOPE OF THE CONQUEST OF THIS CITY

From the book Monuments of Byzantine Literature IX-XV centuries by the author

ABOUT THE LATINIAN CAPTURE OF THE CITY OF THESSALONIKI. COMMUNICATION TO ESTATHIUS, ARCHBISHOP OF THESSALONICA, ABOUT THE LAST, HOW WE HOPE, THE CONQUEST OF THIS CITY During the ill-fated reign of the emperor Andronicus Comnenus Thessalonica weakened and reached the point of exhaustion, to which

The first graying on the territory of modern Crimea appeared in the prehistoric period, as evidenced by numerous excavations. The peninsula, located at the intersection of sea routes, has always been of interest to various peoples.

Crimea in different time became a colony of the ancient Greek civilization, nomadic peoples settled on the territory, the power changed several times. The names of the territory of the peninsula also changed.

What was the name of the territory in the Antique period?

To answer the question as the Crimea was called earlier, it is necessary to refer to the history of the peninsula from the most ancient times. According to ancient sources in the first millennium BC. Taurus lived here, hence the first name - Tavrida(or modified variants with the ending –я or –ka instead of –yes).

If we analyze the origin modern names cities of the peninsula, for example, Simferopol (formerly Scythian Naples), Feodosia (from the Greek "given by God"), it can be understood that the lands of modern Crimea were once occupied by Greek colonists, immigrants from Hellas.

At that time, several cities of the Bosporus (present-day Kerch), Kerkinitida (present-day Evpatoria) and others were formed. Answering the question, as the Crimea was called in antiquity, it can be noted that the territory of the peninsula was divided into two parts: the democracy of Chersonesos, which included western lands, and the Bosporus autocratic state.

Crimean Tatars and the Ottoman Empire

Since the 13th century, Crimean Tatars have settled on the territory and form their own state. The administrative capital at that time was Old Crimea. Historians argue about the origin of this word. The main version of the formation of the name is from the Turkic "qirim", which means "moat" in translation, and, indeed, Old Crimea at that time was surrounded by deep ditches.

As part of imperial Russia

In 1774, Catherine II achieved the independence of the peninsula from the Ottoman state, and in 1783 the Crimea was annexed to Russia. The Tauride province was formed.

Crimea is an amazing peninsula, a place where the history of past centuries and the present are harmoniously intertwined. Here, right in the center of modern cities, you can see the monuments of the past centuries.

"Shards" of the past in the Crimean cities

Ruin large settlements, the remains of fortresses, burial mounds, religious buildings are found in almost every city or its environs. Most of the ancient buildings today are considered monuments of history and archeology. Many have been assigned the status of reserves; research work and museums operate.

How developed the peninsula was already in ancient times makes it possible to understand familiarity with even a short list of ancient settlements. The following objects are most famous today:

Panticapaeum is the most ancient of the Greek cities in Crimea. Founded at the end of the 7th century BC, it is located in the center of modern Kerch. To see his remains, you need to climb the high stairs of 500 steps leading to Mount Mithridates.

And 11 kilometers from Panticapaeum, the ruins of the ancient Bosporan settlement of Tiritaka were found.

Chersonesus Tauric - the ruins of another Greek settlement, one of the attractions of Sevastopol. The founding of this colony dates back to the 5th century BC. Chersonesos was a large, well-fortified city.

Remains have been preserved here to this day. ancient temple, the ruins of the theater, where, according to legend, gladiatorial battles were fought, a mint, a defensive tower. In the church of Chersonesos, Prince Vladimir, the Baptist of All Russia, was baptized.

Scythian Naples is an ancient settlement on the outskirts of Simferopol. Created in the 3rd century BC. e., the city served as the capital of the Scythian state. Today, on the territory of the ancient tract, a defensive tower and the mausoleum of King Skilur have been preserved.

Ruskofil-Kale - a castle in the region of Big Yalta, built in the XIII-XIV centuries - a fortification with an area of about 450 sq.

Kerkinitida - greek city, erected at the beginning of the 5th century BC. e. and existed until the end of the II century BC. e. Its ruins are located in the center of Evpatoria, on the Karantinniy cape. Although most of the site has been filled up, two of its sections are well-groomed and museumified.

Kalos Limen - the ruins of an ancient Greek settlement founded in the 4th century. BC e. in the village of Chernomorskoe.

Cimmerian is a Cimmerian natural boundary of the 6th - 5th centuries BC. BC, located between Lake Elken and Mount Opuk.

The Scythian Ust-Alma settlement is one of the largest Scythian settlements of the 2nd century BC. BC, located on Cape Kremenchik.

Cave and underwater cities of Crimea

Ancient cave cities belong to a separate category. Mangup-Kale - a Byzantine defensive fort of the sixth century BC, Chufut-Kale near Bakhchisarai, Kacha-Kalion, Kyz-Kermen, others - these villages were created in the rocks. Houses, utility rooms, temples, defensive walls were cut directly in the rock.

Crimea even has its own Atlantis - underwater city Acre. A small ancient Greek village, which served, among other things, as a port, existed near Cape Taquil in the 6th century BC. e. - IV century AD e. Later, the sinking of the coast led to the flooding of most of the city.

Travelers with diving skills can see the ruins of Acre. Diving is possible as part of specialized excursions in the summer.

Tourists note

Visiting the excavations of ancient cities can be easily combined with other types of recreation:

excursion activities;

visiting unique natural monuments;

beach, wellness rest.

On the territory of the peninsula there are many ancient defensive towers, forts, other fortifications that have been preserved in excellent condition. On the territory of many of them, bright event events are held. In particular, themed festivals are held annually in the Genoese Fortress, and reconstructions of medieval battles are staged.

Numerous hotels, hotels and boarding houses operate throughout the peninsula. Room reservations are available online. Pricing policy varies by region, service level and visiting season.

The history of Kerch is more than 2.5 thousand years old. This city has a large number of Byzantine villages, monuments Bosporan and Scythian kingdoms, Tmutarakan. Even a gravity water supply system, built during the Byzantine Empire, has been preserved in Kerch.

There is an Orthodox church in Kerch - ancient working temple, built by the Byzantines about 1400 years ago. There is even such a version (it was put forward by the German historian Theodor Mommsen in the 19th century) that the famous leader of the slaves, Spartacus, who raised an uprising in the Roman Empire, was born in Kerch.

Scientific Council of the Institute of Archeology Russian Academy Sciences (RAS) recognized Kerch as the most ancient city in Russia. This was announced by the director of the East Crimean Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve Tatyana Umrikhina.

“After the report of the head of the Panticapaeum expedition, Vladimir Tolstikov, the scientific council recognized that the city of Panticapaeum (modern Kerch) was founded in 610-590. BC e. The corresponding paper has arrived at the East Crimean Nature Reserve, and now we are preparing documents for the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Government of Russia, so that this date would be officially fixed ”,- T. Umrikhina said and added: by their decision, scientists confirmed the status of Kerch as the most ancient city in the country.

Tatyana Viktorovna clarified: Kerch is also the capital of the first state in the country.

“Panticapaeum was the center of the Bosporus kingdom. Therefore, we can talk about the most ancient statehood in territory of Russia», -
she stressed.

Before the reunification of Crimea with Russia, the Dagestan Derbent was considered the most ancient city in the country: in September 2015, it solemnly celebrated its 2000th anniversary.

List of the largest cities in Crimea: we briefly tell you what the cities are remarkable for and what sights you can see there.

Now on the Crimean peninsula, only 18 settlements have received the status of a city, the largest of them in terms of their area - Sevastopol, Sudak, Yalta, Evpatoria, Kerch and Simferopol.

Sevastopol is the largest city in Crimea

Large sea and commercial port, the most Big City Crimea, which has a special status and received the rights of a separate constituent entity of the Russian Federation. According to 2015 data, the population was 398.97 thousand people - it is also the largest city in terms of population in Crimea.

A huge number of attractions are concentrated here: the ruins of the ancient Greek settlement of Chersonesos, monuments of the war epochs (the Russian-Turkish war, the Great Patriotic War) and museums, a magnificent embankment, Aquarium. Not far from the city - cave monastery Inkerman and Balaklava, where the submarines were based. There are a large number of picturesque bays in Sevastopol.

Once there was the capital of the Scythian state, later destroyed by the Goths. Simferopol is located in the central part of the peninsula and has no access to the sea. The Salgir River flows here.

Simferopol is the second largest city in terms of population in Crimea after Sevastopol, with a population of 332.6 thousand people. Tourists to Simferopol are attracted by local attractions: the ancient settlement of Naples Scythian, Vorontsov's Palace, the Ethnographic Museum, Central Museum Taurida, Cathedral Mosque Kebir-Jami, Weeping Rock, Chokurcha Cave, Red Cave (Kizil-Koba).

The third largest city in Crimea and the easternmost city of the peninsula is located on the coast of the Kerch Bay. Local population- about 148 thousand people. The richest history the city is more than 2.5 thousand years old, there is a huge number of monuments of the Bosporus and Scythian kingdoms, Tmutarakan, Byzantine villages. Kerch is a great hero city that has immortalized the memory of the events of the Great Patriotic War in numerous monuments and memorials.

An ancient city in the west of Crimea, the population is just over 106 thousand. Evpatoria is one of the largest cities in Crimea, stands on the shores of the Kalamitsky Gulf, there are wonderful sandy beaches and the warm shallow sea. There are many entertainment centers, water parks, attractions, the Juma-Jami mosque, the abode of the dervishes, ancient aqueduct, Turkish baths, ancient temples. Nearby is the town of Saki with therapeutic mud, which has a large number of health facilities.

The most popular resort of the South Coast with a population of 78.2 thousand people is at the same time the largest city on this coast of Crimea. There are many hotels and rest houses in the city, there is a beautiful embankment, monuments, alleys, a museum of local lore, Chekhov's house-museum, the Yalta zoo "Fairy Tale", "Glade of Fairy Tales", the Uchan-Su waterfall, the Massandra Palace, the famous wine-making factory "Massandra", not far from Yalta - Livadia Palace and Nikitsky Botanical Garden.

Feodosia - located in the southeastern part of the peninsula ancient city founded by Greek colonists. Now about 70 thousand people live here, which makes this locality one of the largest in terms of population in Crimea. There are few antique buildings here, the excavations begun make it difficult for residential areas, so the main architectural monuments survived from the Middle Ages: the remains of the citadel of the Genoese fortress, the walls of Hayots-berd, Armenian temples and the Armenian fountain, the Mufti-Jami mosque. Connoisseurs of art will like the Alexander Grin Literary Memorial Museum, the National Art Gallery of the famous marine painter IK Aivazovsky.

Dzhankoy

An important railway junction in the northern part of the peninsula. According to the latest data, the population was about 39 thousand people. Shallow rivers flow into Dzhankoy, there is no outlet to the sea. The city is not rich in sights: the landscape park-reserve "Kalinovsky", where more than 100 species of birds live, a mosque, the Holy Protection Orthodox Church and a museum of local lore.

Alushta

Well-known resort town South Shore Crimea, the population is about 30 thousand people, which is much less than in Yalta, but nevertheless Alushta is one of the large cities of Crimea. In Alushta there are many beaches and attractions, an aquarium, a dolphinarium, a nature museum and an arboretum, not far from the city (near the village of Luchistoye), Mount Demerdzhi and the famous Valley of Ghosts.

Bakhchisarai

The former capital of the Crimean Khanate. The city with a population of just over 27 thousand people is located in the steppe zone of the Crimea in the foothills. The main attraction is the Khan's palace Hansaray, no less interesting for tourists is the Fountain of Tears, sung by Alexander Pushkin, mosques and the cave city of Chufut-Kale.

Krasnoperekopsk

Industrial city of Crimea (specializing in chemical production), with a population of just over 26 thousand people. It is located in the southern part of the Perekop Isthmus, next to the North Crimean Canal.

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