Museum of the city manor. Large stone greenhouse of the estate "Kuskovo"

In the Ruza district of the Moscow region, a few kilometers from Staraya Ruza, there is the Kozhino estate. In the middle of the 18th century, the estate belonged to Prince N.S. Dolgorukov, then passed to Prince A.V. Khovansky and at the beginning of the 19th century his son P.A. Khovansky, and in the middle of the century the real state councilor A.P. Mikulina. The most famous building of the estate is the Temple of the Resurrection. Temple in Kozhino for a long time retained its original exquisite appearance, both external and internal, but later it was practically irretrievably lost.

At present, the church is gradually being restored at the expense of the parishioners and takes on its unique appearance. A refectory and Sunday school was created at the temple, and in the future it is planned to do a lot of work on cleaning the territory and on the construction of buildings for the needs of the church.

Dolgov-Zhemochkin town estate

The merchant's estate occupied the corner of Bolshaya Ordynka and Klimentovsky lane. Its name united the names of the Dolgov merchants, the builders of the estate, and the last owner before 1917, Nikolai Ivanovich Zhemochkin, who traded in leather and drive belts .. According to the custom of the 17th - 18th centuries, main house The estate is located in the depths of the property, in front of it stretches a vast front yard. It is separated from the street by a stone fence with a lattice in the forms of the Moscow Empire style of the early 19th century. The fence with small rounded edges, made to widen the sidewalk, that is, for the convenience of entering the front yard, was demolished in the twentieth century and restored to its former forms. The pylons of the gates are decorated with a stucco frieze and a large ledge cornice, they serve as propylae, preparing a person entering the estate for the reception of the ceremonial courtyard.

The main house of the estate was built in the 1770s in the early classicism style. During the construction of the building, the walls of the vaulted basement were used. They belong to the turn of the 17th - 18th centuries. The original architecture of the building was very simple - there was no portico or pediment. The windows of two floors were united by flat vertical niches. During the restoration of the twentieth century, the original decoration of the house was recreated on south facade building. To see it, you need to enter the courtyard from the side of Klimentovsky Lane. There you can also see the eastern, garden facade of the house with a white-stone semicircular staircase.

For a long time, the construction of the building was associated with the architect V.I.Bazhenov. He was married to the daughter of the owner of the house, A. I. Dolgov. However, the architecture of the building does not bear the characteristic signs of V.I.Bazhenov's work.

After the fire in Moscow in 1812, the house was rebuilt. The reconstruction of the façade was associated not only with the necessary renovation, but also with a change in architectural fashion. The center of the façade was highlighted by a pilaster portico with a pediment. Smooth walls, cut by window openings, serve as a calm backdrop for high-quality stucco moldings. It is concentrated in the upper parts of the building, in the pediment, in the frieze on an

City estate S.G. Protopopov - V.S.Tatishchev - Urusovs

The mansion on Novokuznetskaya Street was built in 1900-02.

Architects V.V. Sherwood and G.A. Gelrich.

An object cultural heritage regional significance. Currently - the Embassy of Indonesia.

Estate Izvarino

The Izvarino estate is located in the village of Izvarino, which is part of the Vnukovskoye settlement of the Novomoskovsk administrative district of Moscow. At the end of the 17th century, it was owned by Prince F.F. Kurakin. Since 1683, A.A. Cherkassky, until 1812 its owners were representatives of his family. Then the estate changed several owners. The manor complex consisted of the main manor house, an outbuilding, a gazebo and a park. In 1904, a stone Church of Elias was built near the estate.

In the 1860s, a new one-story brick house was built on the site of the old manor house, which has survived to this day. It underwent multiple reconstructions, which significantly changed its original appearance. The outbuilding of the estate, built in the neoclassical style, has been well preserved. Nowadays, the manor house houses an orphanage, the outbuilding is occupied by office services. Only fragments of the park have survived, and the gazebo has not survived, of which only the foundation remains. The Elias Church has survived to this day and is still active.

P.I.Shchukin's manor

Chambers of the mid-17th century, in the 1860s-1880s. rebuilt into a city estate by engineer N.G. Faleev.

For more than a century of history, the estate has changed several owners. But the name of its founder is forever engraved in the history of our state. Pyotr Ivanovich Shchukin is the largest collector of Russia in the second half of the 19th century, a merchant, philanthropist, hereditary honorary citizen, an actual state councilor, and also the founder of the private museum of Russian Antiquities.

Manor Taraskovo

The Taraskovo estate belongs to XVIII century, from about 1760 it belonged to the landowner Khrushcheva, then it was owned by N.D. Koltovsky, who built here a church that has survived to this day, named after the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, which is an elegant building in the style of classicism. Also, the manor house, built at the turn of the 19th - 20th centuries, has survived to this day and is a unique example of the early period Art Nouveau with some elements of medieval architecture.

Unfortunately, during the difficult Soviet times, many buildings of the estate suffered significantly: for example, the church lost its bell tower and refectory, and by 2000, the decorative elements of the facade of the main building, and the herringbone parquet, which Felix Razumovsky wrote about, had disappeared.

The park, in the middle of which the old house is located, is a work of landscape gardening, but today it is also in disrepair.

Manor Shchapovo

The Shchapovo (Aleksandrovo) estate can be seen in the Shchapovo village of the Troitsky administrative district of Moscow. In 1607, the boyar V.P. Morozov gave the Aleksandrovo estate as a dowry for his daughter, who married Prince A.V. Golitsyn. The first written mention of the village of Aleksandrovo dates back to 1627. In the second half of the 18th century, V.V. Grushenitsky, under him the main features of the estate complex were formed: a manor house with a park, an artificial pond with a man-made island.

Since 1890 the estate was owned by I.V. Shchapov. He rebuilt a new manor house and services, restored the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin built in 1779, improved the park. Being actively involved in charity work, he built a parish school, a lacemaker's school for girls, and opened an almshouse. According to his will, an agricultural school was opened in the estate in 1903, thanks to this, after the revolution, the estate practically did not suffer. The estate itself has been named Shchapovo since 1903.

At present, the manor house, the Assumption Church, an agricultural school, a kitchen of the estate, a white-stone bridge leading across a ravine, a lacemaker's school and a parish school, a carriage shed, a stable, as well as other household and residential buildings of the late XIX - early XX are preserved in the estate. centuries. The linden park with three cascading ponds has also survived. The building of the agricultural school today houses the Museum of the History of the Shchapovo Estate, a library and an organ hall.

Manor Grachevka

The Grachevka estate, also called Khovrino, was built in the 15th century by the merchant Khorin (Khovra), or his son. History is silent. It is known that at the end of the 16th century, the Church of the Great Martyr George was built, which was burned during the Great Troubles. Then the estate passed into the possession of V.B. Sheremetyev, A.V. Golitsina, A.V. Pronskaya, A.V. Pozharskaya.

Later, the estate was transferred to Fyodor Golovin, after his death the Church of the Sign was built. An orchard and a linden park were planted under him. In 1812, Khovrino, which already belonged to Prince Obolensky, was plundered and desecrated during the war. After the war, Obolensky was unable to revive the estate and sold the estate to GD Stolypin. Rooks were restored, but the architecture was changed. A pond was made on Likhoborka, a compact park was made around the house.

Further, having been in the hands of the Zhemchuzhnikovs, the estate falls into the possession of the Moscow millionaire Evgraf Molchanov. After the railway was laid through the Khovrinsky Park, Grachevka began to turn into suburban village... Here P.I. Tchaikovsky, A.N. Tolstoy. This time was the most fertile. Molchanov built a three-story house, several outbuildings, a farm, utility services and a water pumping station. A grandiose restructuring was carried out according to the project of M. Bykovsky.

The following owners made their own adjustments. In 1918, the estate housed the workers' faculty of the Petrovsk Agricultural Academy. In 1928 it was a sanatorium; during the Patriotic War, the estate served as a hospital. Now the Grachevka estate is the Moscow regional clinical center for restorative medicine and rehabilitation.

Znamenskaya Church suffered from a fire and was beheaded. Unfortunately, she was standing in the place where it was planned to build an overpass of the expressway. The track was not built, thanks to which the church survived. The temple was restored for about 10 years. In 2005, the church was consecrated.

Manor Uzkoe

The Uzkoe estate became known at the beginning of the 16th century. Its main feature is considered the Church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God, which was built in 1698. The temple was built by boyar Tikhon Streshnev, uncle of Peter the Great. There is a legend that in 1812 Napoleon watched the retreat of the French troops from this particular belfry.

The interior is striking with elegance, although in the Second world war the temple was attacked and destroyed. It has unique acoustics, which is provided by a high space under the dome. The central dome and side chapels, amazing in beauty, were consecrated in honor of the Finding of the head of John the Baptist and St. Nicholas.

For two centuries the temple was the spiritual center of the Uzkoye estate. The owners of the estate were the most famous Russian princes Golitsyns, Obolensky, Tolstoy, Gagarins, Streshnevs. The very last owner of Uzkoye, P. Trubetskoy, inherited the estate from her aunt Sofia Tolstoy in 1890.

The temple, which was closed in 1928, served as a repository of valuable books for many decades. They have been withdrawn from circulation, both scientific and cultural. Among them were books by repressive writers, church service literature, and German archives.

Estate "Grebnevo"

The Grebnevo estate is an architectural and historical monument of federal significance, located in the Shchelkovsky district of the Moscow region, not far from the town of Fryazino.

The estate was founded in the 16th century by the boyar Belsky, after which its owners were constantly changing. The last owner of the estate was the Moscow doctor Grinevsky, who bought it in 1913. During the Soviet era, the estate was plundered and destroyed. In the 1980s, attempts were made to restore the estate, but after unforeseen circumstances (fires), the estate fell into even greater desolation. Today it has practically fallen into ruins.

The estate consists of the building of the estate itself, the Church of the Grebnevskaya Icon of the Mother of God, an arch, the Nikolskaya Church, the eastern and western wings, a carriage and barnyard, and a stable. The temples have been perfectly preserved to this day.

Manor Neskuchnoye

The Neskuchnoye estate is a real architectural monument of the Moscow region, towering on the steep bank of the Moskva River. She was part of the composition of residential estates, consisting of earlier architectural complexes. In the 18th century, the southern part of this ensemble belonged to Prince N. Yu. Trubetskoy. It is thanks to her that the name Neskuchnoe came about. Nearby was the estate of the Golitsyn princes, and the most northern part was occupied by the Orlovs. In the central part was the estate of P. A. Demidov, famous for its famous botanical garden. A park area with a picturesque pond, a stone pavilion and pavilions, green alleys has been preserved from the Neskuchny Garden, which belonged to the Trubetskoys.

Subsequently, this estate became the summer residence of the Alexandrinsky Palace, a resting place for the wife of Emperor Nicholas I, Alexandra Feodorovna. Balls, entertainment festivities for the aristocratic nobility, close to the court, were held here.

In the 1920s, the palace was used as a furniture museum. Since 1928, it has been part of Central Park culture and recreation. Since 1934, the Presidium of the Academy of Sciences has been located here. The location of the Neskuchnoye estate: the city of Moscow, Leninsky prospect, 14-20. This Neskuchny Garden has always been a favorite vacation spot for Muscovites and guests of the capital.

Razumovsky's estate

Not far from the Kursk railway station, in the very center of Moscow, one of the most interesting buildings, the estate of Count Razumovsky. Alexey Kirillovich, statesman and founder of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, lived in a Moscow residence for 2 years. During these years the botanical garden blossomed, which is considered one of the wonders of Moscow.

The estate was built in 1801-1803, and in 1842 it was expanded and rebuilt according to a new project. On the territory of the estate there is an extensive park with ponds, a front driveway and a central palace. The house is a two-storey building, the central part of which is rectangular. It is highlighted by a mezzanine floor with an arched window, in addition, double columns and lions on the porticoes.

More than 4 million rubles were spent on its arrangement. The rooms are finished with expensive tapestries and bronze, decorated with Saxon sets, which are made to order. The library, which consisted of medieval books, was especially striking. The park was not inferior to the splendor of the house. Four ponds with carp, flower gardens and alleys, a grove of orange trees and exotic plants.

In 1828, the merchant Yurkov from Odessa became the owner of the estate, who gradually sold unique things for a pittance at antique salons. Later it was bought by the Board of Trustees and made an orphanage out of it, then there was a school for paramedics, a seminary, an almshouse, and a nursing home. With the advent of Soviet power, the Institute of Physical Education and a hostel was located here. The ponds of the park became sports grounds, and a sauna was built in the central part.

Despite the fact that the estate of Count Razumovsky is an object of cultural heritage, all that remains of it is dying.

Manor Bogorodskoe

The Bogorodskoye estate of the Ruzsky district of the Moscow region was located on the site of the former Prut churchyard near the Istma River. The first information about the estate dates back to the 17th century. At that time there was the Church of the Most Holy Theotokos, which was destroyed during the Time of Troubles. The estate belonged to A.S. Khitrovo, then several times passed into other hands. The estate flourished under D.A. Guryev, who built a new house in the late classical style.

During the Great Patriotic War, the house, outbuildings, many park pavilions and sculptures in them were lost. Nowadays, you can admire the new Church of the Most Holy Theotokos, built in 1807, and the preserved outbuildings of the estate, which have been greatly altered over time. Church in the estate on this moment acting.

Estate Volynshina - Poluektovo

The Volynshchyna estate in the Ruzsky district of the Moscow region is the former patrimony of the Volynsky boyars, from the 1770s it belonged to Prince V.N. Dolgoruky - Crimean. Dolgorukovs - Crimeans were the owners of the estate until 1917. It was under them in the 1770s that an extremely harmonious ensemble of manor buildings was created, it is assumed that the architect was the architect Bazhenov.

As a result of the erection of a dam in the sixties of the 20th century on the Ozerna River, the Volynshchyna estate suffered a great deal of damage; a part of the old park was flooded, and due to constant flooding and waterlogging, beautiful interiors are losing their ceremonial unique appearance, the foundations of the estate buildings are being destroyed.

At the moment, the building has been more or less repaired, the park has been put in order, and a sports base is located in the estate.

Large stone greenhouse of the estate "Kuskovo"

By 1763, the Great Stone Greenhouse was built according to the project of the serf architect Fyodor Argunov - the largest pavilion of the palace and park ensemble of the estate.

In addition to its direct functional purpose, it was also used for receiving guests: along with glazed galleries for plant exotic plants, a "voxal" was arranged in the center of the Great Stone Greenhouse - a small round dance hall with choirs for musicians. The side risalits housed playrooms and a gardener's shelter.

Today, expositions are deployed in the halls of the greenhouse State Museum ceramics.

The estate of the Tselibeevs

The estate on Novokuznetskaya street (until 1922 was called Kuznetskaya street after the former settlement of blacksmiths) was built in the 1st half of the 19th century, in the post-fire period. It was a typical small town manor house of that time - a two-story main house, standing along the red line of the street, one-story wings to the right and left of it, and a courtyard with a garden behind the main house.

Until the end of the 19th century, the estate was owned by a family of merchants Tselibeevs, natives of Maloyaroslavets, members of the Rogozh Old Believer community. The Tselibeevs were listed as merchants of the 2nd guild and traded tea and sugar in Moscow.

At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the estate was bought by Timofey Gennadievich Karpov, a hereditary nobleman and titular adviser, the son of the famous professor of history, member of the Russian Historical Society G.F. Karpov. On the maternal side, T.G. Karpov was related to the Morozov merchant dynasty.

By his order, the architect A.P. In 1900, Vakarin rebuilt the main house, turning it into a small mansion made in eclectic forms, with an original gable roof and elements of classical order decor on the facades.

After marriage T.G. Karpov on Maria Dmitrievna Lepeshkina, he rewrote the house on Novokuznetskaya in her name, and she was officially registered as the landlord until 1917. The Karpovs did a lot of charity work, they were members of the Moscow Charitable Society of 1837, Timofey Gennadievich was also a member of the Board of Trustees of the Sergiev-Elizavetinsky refuge for crippled warriors of the Russian-Japanese war and the Bureau for seeking employment for workers - both of these institutions were under the auspices of the Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna.

After the October Revolution of 1917, the estate belonging to the Karpovs was nationalized, and they themselves were evicted to a house on B. Ordynka, 41, which previously belonged to the brother of T.G. Karpov Fyodor Gennadievich, who left for emigration. The last years of T.G. Karpov was the head of the Church of the Iveron Icon of the Mother of God on Bolshoi O

Manor Annino

The Annino estate is located 11 kilometers east of the city of Ruza in the Moscow region. The manor is old, the history of the village of the same name goes back to the distant past. The first mention of it dates back to the end of the 17th century. Then the village belonged to the Miloslavskys. There is a legend that the estate was named after Anna Kotlovskaya or Anna Vasilchikova, one of the wives of Ivan the Terrible, whom he exiled to this remote place.

The manor houses the Church of the Sign of the Most Holy Theotokos. Therefore, the estate was often called Znamenskoye. The temple was built in 1690. The architecture of the temple is unique for the Moscow region - it has a hipped roof style. At the present time, a manor house of the late 18th century - provincial architecture - has been preserved. It has an extended main facade, and the elements used in the decor are flat platbands, overhead boards and a simple profile cornice, but still decorate the house. Now in the manor house there is a children's health resort, and the temple is functioning.

The Smirnovs' estate

V.P. Smirnov inherited the estate from his father, around the beginning of the 18th century. At his own discretion, the merchant completely remodeled the country residence. For a large-scale reconstruction, an architect from Moscow was called in, who in a matter of time built a real castle.

The main building, which has survived to this day, is a two-storey building made in the style of medieval architecture with elements of eclecticism. The red brick walls are decorated with white patterns of expensive stucco and frescoes.

Linden trees were planted around the house at the insistence of Smirnov. The seedlings were buried in a strictly defined order and a strictly defined distance.

Next to the house there was a gazebo with a swing, which, rolling, reached the height of a three-story building. They were demolished when, in 1924, V.P. Smirnov left for Lvov. And the estate fell into disrepair.

After the death of the merchant, the estate was occupied by a children's camp, a village club, a school library and a shop.

City estate of the Demidov mining breeders

This magnificent old estate, built at the end of the 18th century, is located in the very center of Moscow, not far from the Tretyakov Gallery, and is a brilliant example of early Moscow classicism.

The estate was founded by the richest industrialist Prokofy Demidov - precisely because of his tireless work on the improvement of the estate, as well as the fact that the eccentric owner always found something to surprise guests with, the palace and the adjacent garden were named Neskuchnykh. After the Demidovs, the estate was owned by the Orlovs, the wife of Nicholas I, Alexandra Feodorovna, and in the second half of the 19th century, the famous secular salon of Countess Sollogub, famous throughout Moscow, was located here, which was visited by N.V. Gogol, I.S. Turgenev and others.

Special solemnity architectural complex, which includes the main three-storey house and stone outbuildings, give a spacious front yard, a six-column Corinthian portico and an openwork cast-iron fence - an example of casting art of the 50s of the 18th century - cast at one of the Demidov factories in Nizhny Tagil.

Currently, the estate is occupied by the State Pedagogical Library. KD Ushinsky.

Estate of Berezhki (Ruzsky district)

There is practically no information about the Berezhki estate in the Ruza region. Recently, it belonged to a certain Zh.L. Losev. The project of the manor house belongs to the famous architect I.V. Zholtovsky. The house was built in 1910, demolished in 1990. Today in the estate you can see two preserved log houses, one of which is probably an outbuilding, service buildings. Currently in the estate, located in a very scenic location on the banks of the river, there is a rest house.

The estate is surrounded by a park, which was apparently broken up according to the planned plan. But today, naturally, this is not observed. Scattered bushes and trees growing on their own do not create harmony in the park landscape, although some of them are of interest to gardeners and nature lovers.

Tsar's estate "Izmailovo"

Most often, the estate is associated with the name of Peter I. Izmailovo groves were a favorite place for the amusing regiments of the first Russian emperor to maneuver. In the middle of the nineteenth century, the Nikolaev military almshouse was organized here. The former manor was supplemented with larger and more modern buildings, due to which the landscape of the manor is visually not perceived as medieval.

In the center of the estate there is the Cathedral of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos surrounded by soldiers and officers' corps, and on the other side of the cathedral is the Tsar's yard.

The main entrance to the estate was the Mostovaya Tower - now there is a branch of the State Historical Museum "Izmailovo and the rulers of Russia" here.

The museum conducts a great educational work - excursions dedicated to the history of the estate, costumed and theatrical excursions and performances, concerts of early music and musical and poetry evenings.

Valuevo estate

The Valuevo estate is located in the village of the same name in the Moscow region. In the 17th century, the estate was founded by the clerk Grigory Valuev, after whom the estate was named. The manor complex began to take shape, starting in 1759, when it was owned by D.A. Shepelev. Finally, the ensemble of the estate was formed at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries, under Count A.I. Musin-Pushkin. In 1810-11, a new manor house was built on the site of the old one, cattle and horse yards, other outbuildings, and a park with cascading ponds appeared.

Under the next owners, the manor complex was supplemented with a water tower, some outbuildings, a newly rebuilt front gate with two towers crowned with small sculptures of deer. To this day, in addition to the church building, all the buildings of the vast estate ensemble have survived: a two-storey manor house with two wings connected to it by galleries-colonnades, an office, a manager's house, a pavilion called the Hunting Lodge, a greenhouse building, which houses an operating church, services , a cattle and horse yard, a grotto with three arches, a water tower and other buildings. An extensive pine and linden park with cascading ponds has also survived. Since the 1960s, the manor has housed the Valuevo sanatorium; the manor buildings have been adapted for various sanatorium needs.

Estate Nikolskoye - Gagarino

A very beautiful estate Nikolskoye-Gagarino, located in the Ruzsky district of the Moscow region, is picturesquely located on a high hill, from which a wonderful view of the Trostenskoye lake and the floodplain of the Ozerna river opens. The ensemble of the estate was formed in the 1770s during the reign of Prince S.S. Gagarin. Hence, probably, the second name of the estate.

Once upon a time in the rooms of Nikolsky-Gagarin, along with the usual estate furniture, there were beautiful old family portraits, unique furniture inlaid with various types of wood from the late 17th - early 18th centuries, as well as decorative panels of Italian work.

Currently, all the manor buildings are in disrepair. The palace facade facing the park is shabby and gloomy. The palace is fading away and therefore looks gloomy. The park is almost completely overgrown, although sometimes you can find a wide alley.

There is also a farm yard that belonged to the estate. It is now a local hospital.

Hermitage pavilion of the estate "Kuskovo"

The pavilion was built in 1765-1767, during the heyday of the estate, it was intended only for the elite - friends of the owner of the estate, who would like to retire during the balls thrown by Count Sheremetev. The second floor could only be reached by a mechanical lift. The first floor was intended for servants - serving drinks, snacks and other things was carried out by an elegant lifting mechanism - a table. In the early 1980s, during the reconstruction of the historical appearance, a fence around the perimeter of the roof and a statue on the dome were restored. But before the reconstruction, the pavilion looked more elegant.

Manor Porechye

In the Ruza district of the Moscow region, the Porechye estate once flourished. Now only an unusually beautiful church is left of it. And the estate itself was completely lost in the nineties of the XX century. The founder of the estate in the second half of the 18th century was Lieutenant General M.A. Yakovlev, who was the owner of another estate near Moscow - Perkhushkovo. In the middle of the 19th century, the estate passed to the landowner I.A. Bartolomeus, and at the end of the century - A.V. Lvov.

The stone Kazan Church was built during the reign of Yakovlev, back in 1763. The tiered building was erected on a white stone foundation, and at the end of the 18th century a bell tower was added. The whole church ensemble is very harmonious, made in the Baroque style.

Dutch house of the estate "Kuskovo"

The Dutch House is a two-storey garden pavilion on the shore of a pond with a kitchen on the first floor and a living room on the second. According to the date indicated on the facade, the construction of the house began in 1749. The building was erected in the laconic style of the Dutch buildings of the 17th century; the interior decoration with ceramic tiles was made in the same style. Despite the fact that the house is an imitation of a Dutch dwelling, it was used by the owners for its intended purpose. Gazebos and a garden with a vegetable garden located around the pavilion were designed to create the illusion of a street located on the banks of the canal.

Manor Komlevo

In the Ruzsky district of the Moscow region, you can find many old estates. One of them is the Komlevo estate of the 18th century. You can get there by road from Ruza. At the entrance, a dilapidated Znamenskaya church meets. The owners of the estate were at the beginning of the 18th century the noblemen Chelishchevs, then the Orlovs. Then, in the middle of the 19th century, the estate was owned by Prince. A.A. Menshikov, then a noblewoman A.A. Vadkovskaya, at the end of the 19th century, the merchant P.S. Okonishnikov, at the beginning of the XX century A.S. Keller.

The Church of the Sign was erected in 1802. Built in the style of classicism. During the war in 1941 it was practically destroyed, in this state it was for a long time. Now restored. Also preserved are three gates of the church fence and the remains of the once majestic park of the estate.

Manor Lyublino

The former Moscow Region estate Lyublino is located in the South-Eastern Administrative District of Moscow. This is one of the rarest palace and park ensembles of the early 19th century. The main house-palace belonged to the famous eccentric N.A. Durasov, who became famous for his solemn receptions and holidays. Nearby, on the banks of the Lublin Pond, there is a park with a boat station and several tennis courts.

Today excursions are held at the Lyublino estate. The state rooms are used for classical music concerts, balls and receptions. The mezzanine floor hosts art exhibitions and temporary exhibitions from various museums.

The Lyublino estate is a favorite place for wedding photo sessions. The magnificent marble rooms, adorned with mirrors and antique furniture, create a great romantic mood for photographs. But not only inside the palace, but also in the park there are many interesting places. On an area of ​​twelve hectares, there is the old estate itself, the house of the manager, the outbuilding, which housed a boarding house for noble children, palace greenhouses and a reconstructed green theater building with a dance floor.

Estate Troitskoe-Lykovo

Trinity-Lykovo - formerly luxury home, located in the west of Moscow. Arriving at the estate, you can observe the preserved sights - a greenhouse, outbuildings. And churches: the Church of the Assumption of the Virgin and the Trinity Church are located in the adjacent park.

The history of the manor house begins in the 16th century, when the village of Troitskoye was built for serfs. In the 17th century, the settlement passed to Prince B.M. Lykov from Tsar Vasily Shuisky. The prince decided to move the village to the bank of the Moskva River, new huts were built on the picturesque bank and the Trinity Church was erected, and a chapel was built in its place.

In 1690 the boyar M.K. Naryshkin (uncle of Peter I) began to manage the settlement. Instead of the Trinity Church, a stone Orthodox church is being erected. But the wooden church was not dismantled, but moved to the garden and re-consecrated in honor of the Assumption of the Virgin. It stood there until 1937, when the Soviet authorities gave the order to demolish it.

N.A. Butullin's estate radically changed the look of the estate already in the 19th century. The Assumption Church was built of stone according to the project of N.I. Kozlovsky, the manor house was renewed, and a greenhouse was founded. In 1876, the new owners of the Karzinkins rebuilt the church and the estate again. YM Karkazina gave the house to an almshouse. At the same time, the House Church and the women's religious community were founded. Three Orthodox churches have settled on the territory - the Assumption Church, the House Church and the Trinity Church.

Today all unique buildings have been demolished. Tourists can see only stone buildings, the remains of a luxurious architectural ensemble. The bell tower and the refectory in the park have been preserved. And the park itself with century-old pines and lindens, which is more than 200 years old.

Manor Cheryomushki-Znamenskoye

In ancient times, here, in the southern suburb of Moscow, there was a deep ravine completely covered with thickets of bird cherry, fragrant in early spring for the entire valley and the vicinity of the Beketovka river. According to legend, this area once belonged to Boris Godunov. From reliable sources it is known that in 1630 "in the Moscow district of the empty from the bypass lands, the Cheremoshka wasteland on the sides of the Cheremosh ravine ... scribes measured and described and sold it to Afonasy Pronicheschev and clerk Venedict Makhov in the patrimony of half the heath." Soon, in the half of Venedikt Makhov, a patrimonial yard and the village of Cheremoshye appeared in several peasant households, and "together with Afonasy Pronichishchev" (in the documents there are two spellings of this name), clerk Venedikt Makhov arranged a system of ponds on the Beketovka river. The area began to transform, and a century later an original and representative noble estate already existed here.

The name of the Cheryomushki district comes from the estate. Current address: Bolshaya Cheryomushkinskaya street, houses No. 25 and No. 28.

Estate Mikhalkovo

Mikhalkovo is a former Panins estate near Moscow near Golovinsky ponds, now on the territory of the Golovinsky district of the Northern Administrative District of Moscow.The territory of the Mikhalkovo estate is a historical monument of architecture and landscape gardening art of the 18th century.

The first information about the village of Mikhalkovo dates back to 1623, when it was the estate of a servant Anton Zagoskin. In the 18th century, it was in the possession of the Dashkov princes, who in the middle of the 18th century began to adapt the village to an estate.

In 1764, Ekaterina Dashkova sold the estate to Count Nikita Panin. In 1772, the estate passed to his brother Peter, a military general, who had long dreamed of acquiring a country estate near Moscow. The owner brings into the concept of the project the idea of ​​memories of the Bendery fortress that he conquered during the Russian-Turkish war.

From 1780 to 1784, the construction of stone pseudo-Gothic outbuildings of the estate of red brick is underway. The basis of the planning composition was the ceremonial courtyard, surrounded by a fence with outbuildings included in it, to which a linden park with two ponds adjoined. In 1783, Pyotr Panin inherited from his brother the much longer Dugin patrimony in the Smolensk province, curtailed work in Mikhalkov and moved to live in Dugino.

In 1803, the estate was bought for 40 thousand rubles by the industrialist Dmitry Grachev, who was engaged in the production of calico. By the 1880s, all buildings were subordinated to the factory needs. Then the wings were added, the main house and almost all the decorative walls were dismantled, the gates were laid.

After 1933, the manor was used exclusively for the needs of the cloth industry. In the 1970s, housing and industrial construction began near the estate and directly on its territory.

Sviblovo estate

The Sviblovo estate was built in 1704 by Kirill Alekseevich Naryshkin. He built stone chambers, a stone Trinity Church (1708-1709), a malt factory, but after the Battle of Poltava he took his people to other estates, and settled captured Swedes in Sviblovo, "all kinds of artisans." After Naryshkin, the estate in different time owned by the Golitsyns, Pleshcheevs, Kazeevs, Kozhevnikovs. At the beginning of the 19th century N.M. Karamzin lived in Sviblovo. From the 70s of the XIX century until the October events of 1917, the estate was owned by the mining engineer Georgy Bakhtiyarovich Khalatov (1890-1911)

Manor Ostafyevo

The Ostafyevo estate belonged to the old princely family of the Vyazemsky. An excellently preserved house, with two symmetrical galleries and outbuildings, is a museum and concert hall... A beautiful park with a pond and a regular park, a gazebo and monuments to Pushkin, Zhukovsky, Karamzin and Vyazemsky perfectly complement the atmosphere of a noble estate.

Manor Kuzminki

The Kuzminki estate is a real historical monument of landscape gardening art of the 18th-19th centuries. It is located in the southeastern part of the city of Moscow. At various times, the estate was a noble nest of the Stroganov barons and the Golitsyn princes. For more than 250 years, the appearance and interior of Kuzminki were created by famous architects R.R. Kazakov, I.P. Zherebkov, V.I. Bazhenov, D.I. and A.O. Zhilyardi, M.D. Bykovsky, I.E. Eat ready.

The complex of all buildings of the Kuzminki estate consisted of the main princely palace, a ceremonial courtyard, an equestrian and barnyard, a music pavilion. Also on the territory were a bathroom house, an Egyptian pavilion, an orange greenhouse, and a birch gazebo. Due to its unique beauty and luxury, the Kuzminki palace ensemble was equated with such gems of architectural and park construction as Versailles in Paris, Pavlovsk and Peterhof in St. Petersburg. The Golitsyn estate was also notable for the many rare cast iron items that adorned the park. Triumphal and openwork gates, lanterns, figures of lions, pedestals with double chains, an obelisk to Peter I, monuments to Empress Maria Feodorovna and Nicholas I became masterpieces of iron casting.

The entire Kuzminki forest park zone, from east to west through ponds, is crossed by the Goledyanka River. Kuzminki have always been popular. These places were often visited by Peter I, Catherine II, Alexander II, famous poets, writers and artists. Nowadays Kuzminki is one of the favorite vacation spots of Muscovites.

Manor Lyubvino

The Lyubvino estate is located in the village of Tuchkovo of the Ruzsky district of the Moscow region in a very picturesque place - on an elevated wooded hill. The landscape around the estate is simply gorgeous and worth seeing and enjoying the beauty of nature. The Lyubvino estate was created at the beginning of the 20th century by L.G. Pollen. Construction began in 1911. According to the architect's plan, the house on a hill was supposed to soar over the district.

At present, the house has been greatly rebuilt; its Empire-style exterior stucco molding and interior decoration have hardly survived. The sculptures and bronze vases, which were located on the park alleys and terraces, also disappeared. But the house still attracts the attention of both tourists and directors who shoot episodes of historical films here. The building is now empty.

Kolyubakino estate

The village of Kolyubakino in the Ruza region, as historians write, belonged to the XVI century. Ivan Turuntaev, was written off from the great sovereign to the palace villages. In 1630 the village began to belong to Mikhei Maksimovich Protopopov, and in 1647 it was bought by the boyar Yakov Nikitich Odoevsky, who owned it until 1678.

Further, the village, renamed after the built Rozhdestvenny church, was transferred to A.M. Odoevskaya, then passed to the grandchildren - princes Peter and Alexei Mikhailovich Cherkassky. In the middle of the century, the owner of the estate, Countess Varvara Alekseevna Sheremeteva and her daughter, Countess Varvara Petrovna Razumovskaya.

The estate had a long history, I saw many famous people... But it has practically not survived to the present day. The house stood until 1958 and was then dismantled. A small park that sloped down to the Ponoshe river turned out to be almost completely overgrown by the end of the 20th century. As a result, you can only admire the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin.

Swiss house of the estate "Kuskovo"

The Swiss house is a late construction of the Kuskovo estate, designed in the 1870s. architect N.L. Benois. The walls of the lower floor are painted "like brick", which reminds of the style of the earlier building - the Dutch house.

Estate Altufevo

The Altufyevo estate is located in the northern part of Moscow. The estate got its name from the village of the same name, the first mention of which dates back to the end of the 16th century. The estate includes a park with a small pond, the Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross and some outbuildings.

The baroque mansion of the Lord was built in 1767 by I.I.Velyaminov, but was subsequently rebuilt several times. The last restructuring in the eclectic style, as a result of which the house received its current state, was carried out by N.A.Zherebtsov. Only under the last owner of the estate, the oil industrialist G.M. Lianozov, an extension was made to the house.

The construction of the Church of the Exaltation of the Holy Cross was completed in 1763. The church is interesting for its architecture, being a typical example of the type "like under the bells", which is quite rare.

There is a pond and a small river in Altufevsky Park. Of the outbuildings, the brewery building and a small outbuilding with old cellars are of particular interest.

Sights of Moscow

The Kuskovo estate is really beautiful - the palace and pavilions are well preserved in the luxurious summer residence of the Sheremetyevs, the only regular French park in Moscow with flower beds and many sculptures is big pond.

The main buildings in the estate were erected in the 18th century by Count Peter Borisovich Sheremetyev. He often called the land, which he inherited from his father, "piece" - hence the name of the estate. Kuskovo has another name - Versailles near Moscow.

Already from the entrance, wonderful views of manicured lawns, neatly trimmed trees and beautiful architectural structures open up.

The operating estate church of the All-Merciful Savior. Spire standing next to The bell towers are very reminiscent of the architectural solutions of the St. Petersburg Admiralty and the Peter and Paul Fortress.

Angel on the roof of the church.

The palace in the Kuskovo Estate Museum, built in the style of early classicism with baroque elements, is wooden.

Two ramps for the entrance of carriages, ending with figures of sphinxes, lead to the entrance.

An intricate monogram is one of the decorations of the palace.

Both famous architects of that time and serf masters were involved in the construction of the palace and pavilions.

Pyramid on the shore of the pond. I didn't quite understand its purpose. Maybe a sundial?

The Dutch house was built in honor of Peter the Great. The interior decoration was brought from Holland and has been completely preserved.

On a sunny day, the photos in Kuskovo turn out to be simply beautiful.

Not far from the Dutch house, I saw a photo session near the Hermitage pavilion:

Classical music in a beautiful setting:

A wedding in Kuskovo is very beautiful and romantic.

Central part of the French regular park.

The statues mostly depict lions, Roman heroes and gods. There are more than 60 of them.

The park is decorated not only with sculptures, but also with flowers.

The stone greenhouse, built by the serf architect F.S. Argunov. In the central part, balls were held, and in the glass wings of the winter gardens, they walked among tropical plants.

Another park pavilion, the Italian House, looks like a small palace.

The elegant Grotto is reflected in the waters of the Italian Pond. Its interior decoration with mother-of-pearl shells is amazing.

This beautiful pavilion was the dining place of Empress Catherine II during her visit to the Sheremetyev estate in 1774.

In summer, the hospitable Sheremetyevs often held balls that brought together the full color of the Moscow nobility: up to 30 thousand guests were present at especially luxurious evenings. There was a lot of amusement: boating on the large manor pond, theatrical opera and ballet performances, parades, orchestral performances, fireworks. The theater of Count Sheremetyev was considered the best in Moscow.

In the last decade of the 18th century, the serf actress Praskovya Zhemchugova shone on the Kuskovo stage, to whom N.P. Sheremetyev. In 1800, the count and actress moved to Ostankino, and Kuskovo was forgotten. Only decades later did his son revive the former luxury.

After the revolution, the Sheremetyevo estate escaped the fate of most of the noble estates - it was declared a museum-reserve and subsequently a porcelain museum was placed here. Nowadays, concerts of classical music and exhibitions are regularly held here.

How to get to Kuskovo

On the public transport: Metro Ryazansky Prospect, then by bus 133 or 208 to the stop “Museum Kuskovo”.

By car: Moscow, Yunosti street, building 2. On weekends it is better to come to the opening - then it will be difficult to park.

Coordinates: 55 ° 44'11 "N 37 ° 48'34" E

Opening hours

• The territory of the park - from 10-00 to 18-00 (the ticket office is open until 17-30)
• Palace, Dutch House - from 10-00 to 16-00
• Hermitage, Large stone greenhouse - from 10-00 to 18-00
• Monday and Tuesday are days off.
• The last Wednesday of every month is a cleaning day.

Ticket prices

The Museum-Estate takes part in the action of the Department of Culture of the city of Moscow "Museums - free of charge on the third Sunday of every month".

On ordinary days, entrance to the territory and museums is paid:

• Entrance to the park - 50 rubles
• Palace - 250 rubles
• Large stone greenhouse with exhibitions - 150 rubles
• Dutch house - 100 rubles
• Italian house - 100 rubles
• Hermitage - 50 rubles
• A single ticket for all pavilions - 700 rubles

Old Moscow estates are surrounded by landscaped parks. These are the real treasures of the giant metropolis. talks about the most interesting architectural monuments and museums located in 10 of the most beautiful estates in the capital, and how to get to them.

Kuskovo - the world's largest collection of ceramics

Kuskovo, the estate of the Sheremetyevs, was one of the very first in Russia country residences... It consists of a palace that has survived since the 18th century, the Italian and Dutch houses and two pavilions - the Grotto and the Hermitage. The manor complex today adjoins a large forest park - favorite place walks for residents of the surrounding areas. The palace, or as the owners themselves called it - the Big House, was built in the style of early classicism to receive numerous guests of the Sheremetyevs in the summer months.

Kuskovo is famous for the fact that the series "Vivat, Midshipmen!", Films "Hello, I am your aunt!" and Shirley-Myrley. In addition to the main exposition of the estate, it is interesting to visit the Museum of Ceramics. Its richest collection represents samples made from ancient times to the present day. And the special pride of this museum is the samples of porcelain, which has been produced at Russian manufactories since the 18th century.

How to get there: from the metro stations Vykhino, Novogireevo and Ryazansky Prospekt by buses, fixed-route taxis or trolleybuses.

Catherine Palace - red barracks

In the 70s of the 18th century, Catherine II took up large-scale construction, wishing to have a new palace in the center of Moscow. But Paul I, who came to rule, did not like the palace ensemble, and he ordered to place the city garrison's barracks in it. Since then, it has become the custom. The service premises of the palace were alternately occupied by students and teachers of the Cadet Corps, the Alekseevsky Military School, the Academy of Armored Forces and the Combined Arms Academy. And buildings Catherine Palace still belong to the military department.

The park at the palace was laid out in 1703. In Soviet times, it was named Lefortovo after Franz Lefort, an associate of Peter I. Since the times of Peter the Great, a clear layout, long alleys and well-equipped ponds have been preserved here. Near one of them - Krestovoy - in the 18th century, a picturesque "Grotto" was built, which can be seen today. You can get into the park itself completely freely, and the palace territory is closed for visitors.

How to get there: walk from the Baumanskaya metro station.

Lyublino - house-order

At the beginning of the 19th century, the estate of Lyublino was owned by a Moscow rich man Nikolai Alekseevich Durasov. After he was awarded the Order of St. Anna, Durasov ordered from the famous architect I.V. It is ready for an unusual structure. The house was erected in the style of a rotunda, and in the plan it was a cross, exactly repeating the drawing of the highest award. This unusual manor was used not for everyday life, but for entertainment. Durasov had a reputation in Moscow as a hospitable owner and eccentric. Near the house, in two ponds, he bred sterlet, and in greenhouses - pineapples, outlandish for Russia. The local serf theater and orchestra were famous among all the Moscow nobility. Now, after the restoration, a museum has been opened in the order house, telling about its owner and the life of the estate. It also hosts frequent classical music concerts.

How to get there: walk from the station "Lyublino" Kurskaya railroad or from the Volzhskaya metro station.

Znamenskoye-Sadki - "a haven of tranquility, work and inspiration"

This is exactly how Alexander Pushkin, who was here, wrote about the estate of the Trubetskoy princes. The main manor house is built in an unusual way. Its first floor is stone, and the second is made of logs placed vertically. But this secret is hidden under a layer of plaster. One listing of celebrities who have been to Znamenskoye-Sadki is impressive. The wedding of Leo Tolstoy's parents - Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy and Maria Nikolaevna Volkonskaya took place here. Russian historian and publicist Mikhail Petrovich Pogodin spent 10 years in the estate, who was often visited by the poet Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev, who lived nearby. Today, complex excursions around the estate are conducted by specialists from the All-Russian Research Institute of Nature Protection located on its territory. During them it is interesting to see the interiors and paintings of the main house, as well as two huge oak trees that were planted by the owner of Znamenskoye-Sadkov for the arrival of Empress Catherine II.

How to get there: by buses from the metro station "Yasenevo" to the stop "Zona Otdykha Bitsa" located on the Moscow Ring Road. From here - walk through the recreation area.

Kuzminki - a manor on the banks of the ponds

A small river Ponomarka with artificial ponds divides the estate in two. The princes Golitsyn owned these vast lands. It was under them that the manor buildings that have survived to this day, a horse yard and the slender Church of the Blakherna Mother of God, erected famous architect Rodion Kazakov, and after the French ruin of 1812, restored by Dominico Gilardi.

It is very pleasant to walk in Kuzminsky Park. It has preserved many buildings from old manor... There is also a large wooden house, which houses a museum dedicated to the writer Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky. In addition, the park houses a large Museum of Russian estate culture ( Poplar alley, 6, in the Office Wing). It tells about the Golitsyns, about what home education was like in the 19th century, and they conduct wonderful walking tours through the park.

How to get there: walk from the metro stations "Kuzminki" or "Volzhskaya". By bus from the Ryazanskiy Prospekt metro station.

Tsaritsyno is the largest museum-reserve of the capital

In the south of Moscow, near the ponds on the Gorodnya River, there is a beautiful palace and park ensemble, in which it is pleasant to spend the whole day. Its foundation was laid by the famous Russian architect Vasily Ivanovich Bazhenov. Construction work here began in the 70s of the 18th century by order of Empress Catherine II. Bazhenov was the author of the plan of the estate - palaces and buildings, gates and bridges. His task was to build a chamber residence for the Russian queen. Matvey Fedorovich Kazakov completed the construction of Tsaritsyno.

Today the estate has been restored and has become one of the most beautiful places city, it has the status of a museum-reserve. We recommend to visit indoor areas the palace, where several museum collections and exhibitions are exhibited all year round, take a walk in the picturesque landscape park, and also, if desired, go boating and catamarans on the Tsaritsyn ponds. The park hosts many concerts - indoors and under open air... And there is even a small organ installed in the Bread House.

How to get there: walk from the metro stations "Tsaritsyno" or "Orekhovo", as well as from the station "Tsaritsyno" of the Kursk railway.

Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo - noble nest

One of the old beautiful estates is located in the northwest of the capital. The main house in which the owners of the estate lived - the Streshnev nobles, a 17th century church and buildings made in the pseudo-Russian style - have survived there. The Streshnev family became famous after the marriage of Tsar Fyodor Mikhailovich to Evdokia Streshneva, who gave birth to 10 children in this marriage, including the heir to the throne, Alexei Mikhailovich.

The greatest prosperity of the estate fell on the time of Princess Yevgenia Feodorovna Shakhovskoy. A wealthy landowner, in the 80-90s of the XIX century, she turned Pokrovskoe-Streshnevo into a fabulous architectural ensemble, built in the pseudo-Russian style. Now the whole area around the estate is protected area... Unfortunately, the restoration work of the buildings is only half completed. Locals love to walk in the huge adjacent park. There is an equipped beach area and the "Tsarevna-Swan" spring, the only one on the territory of Moscow, in which drinking water is considered clean.

How to get there: walk from the Voykovskaya metro station or by buses from the Sokol, Tushinskaya, Planernaya metro stations, by trams from the Skhodnenskaya and Sokol metro stations, or by trolleybuses from the Airport metro station.

Vorontsovo - a park with cascading ponds

Most often, the green area around the estate in the south-west of the capital is called Vorontsov Park. The area got its name from the first owner of the surrounding lands, boyar Fyodor Voronets (XIV century). The estate itself was actively rebuilt in the 18th-19th centuries, when it was owned by Field Marshal N.V. Repnin. An interesting fact Its history was the construction of a secret factory in the estate. On it, before the war with the French in 1812, it was planned to make a large Balloon, where up to fifty people could fit. From such a ball, according to the idea, the soldiers were supposed to inflict significant damage to the enemy troops. But the project of the first Russian balloon ended in failure. Currently, the manor has been restored. It is surrounded by a park with a beautiful cascade of ponds, from where the Ramenka and Kotlovka rivers flow out.

How to get there: from the station "Kaluzhskaya" 15 minutes on foot. And also by buses from the metro stations "Novye Cheryomushki" or "Prospect Vernadsky".

Neskuchnoye - a monument of landscape and park art

On the right bank of the Moskva River there was once big manor, which belonged to Prince N.Yu. Trubetskoy. Its name "Neskuchnoye" was gradually transferred to the neighboring estates. And in the XIII century it was assigned to the palace department. During the reign of Tsar Nicholas I, a regular park called Neskuchny Garden was laid out here. In Soviet times, it was renamed the Gorky Park, and the Mineralogical Museum was housed in the luxurious Alexandria Palace. The entrance gates, the guardhouse building, the riding hall, as well as the Freilinsky and Cavalry corps have survived from the old buildings. And the oldest building that has survived to this day is a summer house that belonged to Count Orlov. This beautiful two-story mansion is built in the classicism style.

How to get there: Neskuchny Sad can be reached by trolleybuses from the Leninsky Prospekt or Oktyabrskaya metro stations. In the garden, motor ships cruising along the Moskva River also stop.

Yasenevo - a monument to the Elizabethan baroque

The first written records of Yasenevo date back to the XIV century. It is considered one of the most ancient villages that arose around the capital. For many centuries Yasenevo was a royal patrimony, that is, it belonged to the Russian sovereigns. Today the estate is adjoined by an extensive green area natural park Bitsevsky Forest.

The residential estate in Yasenevo is one of the few surviving monuments of the Elizabethan Baroque. This name is usually used to denote architectural style, which was used during the reign of Elizabeth Petrovna. He was distinguished by pomp, festivity and monumentality. But the manor buildings, unfortunately, have not yet been fully restored. Only the Church of Peter and Paul, erected in the middle of the 18th century, has been fully restored. It is interesting that in 1822 the wedding of Leo Tolstoy's parents took place there.

How to get there: walk from the Novoyasenevskaya metro station.

Photo sources: dic.academic.ru, upload.wikimedia.org, www.uzaok.ru, 4turista.ru, shagau.ru, 5arts.info, kudamoscow.ru, static.panoramio.com, zapoved.net, club.foto .ru, www.golden-monkey.ru, kvartirka.com, www.ruspalace.ru, www.kuzpark.ru, velo17.ru, upload.wikimedia.org