Togo: a republic in West Africa. The School Encyclopedia Independent State in West Africa unemployment

In the east - the Cameroon mountains, in the south and west - the waves of the Atlantic, where the westernmost point of Africa is located - Cape Almadi in Senegal. Such natural boundaries are outlined West africa, which is conventionally divided into two regions: the arid Sahel adjoining the desert and Sudan, which is more comfortable for living. Sixteen states are located in this part of the continent, the largest of which are Niger, Mali and Mauritania, and the smallest is Cape Verde (Cape Verde).

Features of the climate, vegetation and animal world

The most difficult climatic conditions are in the north of the Sahel, which is swept by the desert year after year. The region is officially recognized as one of the hottest on the planet - in winter the temperature rarely drops below +20 ° C, and in summer it is confidently kept at around +40 ° C. At this time, all vegetation perishes here, and the herbivorous inhabitants of the savannah (mainly antelopes and gazelles) migrate to the south.

West African countries located in the Sahel, periodically find themselves on the brink of disaster due to a monstrous drought that can last up to five to six years. But in Sudan, agriculture is much better developed. In Togo, coffee, cocoa beans and cotton are grown and exported, in the Gambia - peanuts and corn, in Mauritania - dates and rice.

Sudan receives much more rainfall than the Sahel - it is brought in by the summer monsoons. In addition, there are many rivers flowing here, so closer to the Atlantic the vegetation is more abundant (up to lush tropical forests), and the animal world is much richer.

History and modernity

Western Africa attracted European colonialists back in the 15th century - the British, Portuguese, French created fortified outposts on the coast, imposing their conditions on local tribes. Most states managed to completely free themselves from the tutelage of metropolises only in the second half of the last century.

As a legacy of such total dependence, the countries of West Africa received deep-rooted enmity with their neighbors, which were under the control of other European "patrons". The region is famous for political instability - there are frequent military coups, riots and civil wars.

Western Africa is rich in minerals. Ghana is one of the leading gold suppliers, Nigeria's budget is 80% dependent on oil trade, diamonds are mined in Sierra Leone and uranium is mined in Niger. At the same time, only raw materials enter the world market, the processing industry is undeveloped. Almost all countries in the region are included in the list of the poorest countries in the world with a very unfavorable epidemiological situation and a low level of health care.

List of countries in West Africa

Togo is a state in West Africa. The area is 56 thousand square kilometers. This small, narrow country stretches from north to south - to the hot coast of the Gulf of Guinea. The border runs in the north with Burkina Faso, in the east with Benin, in the west with Ghana. From the south it is washed by the Gulf of Guinea. The swamps and lagoons of the south turn into a plateau that gives way to the central mountains. North of the mountains there is an arid savanna. Despite the fact that Togo is one of the smallest states in the world, eco-tourism has reached its zenith here. More than 17% of the country's territory is covered with dense forests. There is a large lake - Togo. A significant area of the country is covered with savannas. The country's climate is hot. During the fall and winter months, harmattan winds bring sand from the Sahara, while rain is frequent in the fall and summer months.

History of Togo

XV century: the Portuguese discovered the coast of the country and named it the Slave Coast.
2nd half of the 17th century: large ethnic associations with strong centralized power were formed on the territory of modern Togo.
1884-1922: Togo under the German protectorate. After World War I, the western part of Togo became a mandate territory of Great Britain (British Togo), and France received a mandate to govern Eastern part(French Togo).
1946: the country is taken over by the UN, control is retained by Great Britain and France.
1957: The British part (Gold Coast) is incorporated into Ghana.
1960: French Togo is declared an independent Republic of Togo.
1963: military coup. Adoption of the constitution, the name of the country became the Togolese Republic.
1991: introduction of a multi-party system.
1992: new constitution adopted in referendum

Population of Togo

The population is about 7 million people. Togo is a multi-ethnic state dominated by Ewe and Cabre. It is noteworthy that the majority of the Togolese population remained faithful to the traditional beliefs of the Aborigines. There are 36 ethnic groups in the country. 51% of the population profess local traditional beliefs, 20% are Muslims and 29% are Christians. The average life expectancy in the country is 62 years for men and 65 years for women. The urban population is 43%.

This beautiful land was first seen by the Portuguese in the 15th century. Togo later became a German protectorate. After the redistribution of forces in Europe, England and France claim the lands of Togo.

In 1960, the state became officially independent. Peoples living on the territory of Togo.

Bassari
Yoruba
Somba
Kabier
Concomba
Gourmet
Kusashi

Togo Economy

Togo is an agrarian country with an unstable economy.

Agriculture of the Togolese economy accounts for 47% of GDP and employs 65% of the working population. Livestock raising is underdeveloped in comparison with other countries in the region.

The main crops grown in the country are: yams, corn, beans, sorghum, cotton, millet, cocoa.

The industry is underdeveloped. The country is mining graphite, phosphates, bauxite, chromium, limestone, uranium and iron.

The manufacturing industry is represented by the processing of agricultural products, the production of drinks. Several textile factories operate.

Togo cities

The table shows the largest cities in the country and their population.

Africa is a part of the world with an area with islands of 30.3 million km 2, this is the second place after Eurasia, 6% of the entire surface of our planet and 20% of the land.

Geographical position

Africa is located in the Northern and Eastern Hemisphere (most of it), a small part in the Southern and Western. Like all large fragments of the ancient mainland of Gondwana, it has massive outlines, large peninsulas and deep bays are absent. The length of the continent from north to south is 8 thousand km, from west to east - 7.5 thousand km. In the north, washed by the waters Mediterranean Sea, in the northeast by the Red Sea, in the southeast by the Indian Ocean, in the west by the Atlantic Ocean. Africa is separated from Asia by the Suez Canal, and from Europe by the Strait of Gibraltar.

Main geographic characteristics

Africa lies on an ancient platform, which determines its flat surface, which in some places is cut by deep river valleys. On the coast of the mainland there are small lowlands, the northwest is the location of the Atlas Mountains, the northern part, almost entirely occupied by the Sahara Desert, is the Ahaggar and Tibetsi highlands, the east is the Ethiopian Highlands, the southeast is the East African Plateau, the extreme south is the Cape and Draconic mountains. Highest point Africa - Kilimanjaro volcano (5895 m, Masai plateau), the lowest - 157 meters below sea level in Lake Assal. Along the Red Sea, in the Ethiopian Highlands and to the mouth of the Zambezi River, there is the world's largest fault in the earth's crust, which is characterized by frequent seismic activity.

Rivers flow through Africa: Congo (Central Africa), Niger (West Africa), Limpopo, Orange, Zambezi (South Africa), as well as one of the deepest and longest rivers in the world - the Nile (6852 km), flowing from the south to north (its origins are on the East African Plateau, and it flows into the Mediterranean Sea, forming a delta). The rivers are rich in water exclusively in the equatorial zone, due to the large amount of precipitation there, most of them are distinguished by high flow rates, have many rapids and waterfalls. In lithospheric faults filled with water, lakes formed - Nyasa, Tanganyika, the largest freshwater lake in Africa and the second largest lake after Lake Superior ( North America) - Victoria (its area is 68.8 thousand km 2, length 337 km, max depth - 83 m), the largest saline closed-drainage lake - Chad (its area is 1.35 thousand km 2, located on the southern edge of the greatest Sahara desert in the world).

Due to the location of Africa between two tropical zones, it is characterized by high total indicators of solar radiation, which gives the right to call Africa the hottest continent of the Earth (the highest temperature on our planet was recorded in 1922 in El-Azizia (Libya) - + 58 С 0 in the shadow).

On the territory of Africa, such natural zones are distinguished as evergreen equatorial forests (the coast of the Gulf of Guinea, the Congo depression), in the north and south, turning into mixed deciduous-evergreen forests, then there is a natural zone of savannas and woodlands, extending to Sudan, East and South Africa, to Sevres and southern Africa, savannas are replaced by semi-deserts and deserts (Sahara, Kalahari. Namib). In the southeastern part of Africa there is a small zone of mixed coniferous-deciduous forests, on the slopes of the Atlas Mountains - a zone of rigid-leaved evergreen forests and shrubs. Natural areas mountains and plateaus are subject to the laws of altitudinal zonality.

African countries

The territory of Africa is divided between 62 countries, 54 are independent, sovereign states, 10 dependent territories belonging to Spain, Portugal, Great Britain and France, the rest are unrecognized, self-proclaimed states - Galmudug, Puntland, Somaliland, the Sahara Arab Democratic Republic (SADR). For a long time Asian countries were foreign colonies of various European states and gained independence only by the middle of the last century. Africa is divided into five regions depending on its geographical location: North, Central, West, East and South Africa.

List of countries in Africa

Nature

Mountains and plains of Africa

Most of the African continent is plain. There are mountain systems, highlands and plateaus. They are presented:

The Atlas Mountains in the northwestern part of the continent;
the highlands of Tibesti and Ahaggar in the Sahara desert;
The Ethiopian Highlands in the eastern part of the mainland;
Drakensberg mountains in the south.

The highest point in the country is Kilimanjaro Volcano, 5,895 m high, belonging to the East African Plateau in the southeastern part of the mainland ...

Deserts and savannahs

The largest desert zone of the African continent is located in the northern part. This is the Sahara Desert. On the southwestern side of the continent is another smaller desert, the Namib, and from it inland to the east is the Kalahari Desert.

The savannah territory occupies the main part of Central Africa. In area, it is much larger than the northern and southern parts of the mainland. The territory is characterized by the presence of pastures typical of savannahs, low shrubs and trees. The height of herbaceous vegetation varies depending on the amount of precipitation. These can be practically desert savannas or tall-grass, with a grass cover from 1 to 5 m in height ...

The rivers

The longest river in the world, the Nile, is located on the territory of the African continent. The direction of its flow is from south to north.

In the list of large water systems of the mainland, Limpopo, Zambezi and the Orange River, as well as the Congo, flowing through the territory of Central Africa.

On the Zambezi River, there is the famous Victoria Falls, 120 meters high and 1,800 meters wide ...

Lakes

The list of large lakes on the African continent includes Lake Victoria, which is the world's second largest freshwater body of water. Its depth reaches 80 m, and its area is 68,000 square kilometers. There are two more large lakes of the continent: Tanganyika and Nyasa. They are located in the fractures of lithospheric plates.

There is Lake Chad on the territory of Africa, which is one of the world's largest closed relict lakes that have no connection with the world's oceans ...

Seas and oceans

The African continent is washed by the waters of two oceans at once: the Indian and the Atlantic. Also on its shores are the Red and Mediterranean Seas. From the side Atlantic Ocean in the southwestern part of the water they form the deep Gulf of Guinea.

Despite the location of the African continent coastal waters cool. This is influenced by the cold currents of the Atlantic Ocean: the Canary in the north and the Bengal in the southwest. The currents from the Indian Ocean are warm. The largest is Mozambique, in northern waters, and Igolnoye - in the southern ...

Forests of africa

Forests from the entire territory of the African continent make up a little more than a quarter. There are subtropical forests growing on the slopes of the Atlas Mountains and the valleys of the ridge. Here you can find a stone oak, pistachio, strawberry tree, etc. High in the mountains, conifers grow, represented by Aleppo pine, Atlas cedar, juniper and other types of trees.

Closer to the coast there are forests of cork oak, in the tropical region there are evergreen equatorial plants, for example, mahogany, sandalwood, ebony, etc.

Nature, plants and animals of Africa

The vegetation of the equatorial forests is diverse, about 1000 species of various types of trees grow here: ficus, ceiba, wine tree, oil palm, wine palm, banana palm, tree ferns, sandalwood, mahogany, rubber trees, Liberian coffee tree, etc. ... It is home to many species of animals, rodents, birds and insects that live right in the trees. Live on earth: bush-eared pigs, leopards, African deer - a relative of the okapi giraffe, large apes - gorillas ...

Savannahs occupy 40% of Africa's territory, which are huge steppe areas covered with forbs, low, thorny shrubs, milkweed, and free standing trees (treelike acacias, baobabs).

There is the largest concentration of such large animals as: rhino, giraffe, elephant, hippo, zebra, buffalo, hyena, lion, leopard, cheetah, jackal, crocodile, hyena dog. The most numerous animals of the savannah are such herbivores as: bubal (antelope family), giraffe, impala or black-footed antelope, various types of gazelles (Thomson, Grant), blue wildebeest, in some places there are still rare springbok antelopes.

The vegetation of deserts and semi-deserts is characterized by poverty and unpretentiousness, these are small thorny shrubs, separately growing bunches of grasses. The oases are home to the unique Erg Chebbi date palm, as well as drought and salt tolerant plants. In the Namib Desert, unique plants grow velvichia and bun, the fruits of which feed on porcupines, elephants and other animals of the desert.

Of the animals, various species of antelopes and gazelles live here, adapted to the hot climate and able to travel great distances in search of food, there are many species of rodents, snakes, and turtles. Lizards. Among mammals: spotted hyena, common jackal, maned ram, Cape hare, Ethiopian hedgehog, Dorcas gazelle, saber-horned antelope, Anubis baboon, wild Nubian donkey, cheetah, jackal, fox, mouflon, there are constantly living and migratory birds.

Climatic conditions

Seasons, weather and climate of African countries

The central part of Africa, through which the equator line passes, is in an area of low pressure and receives sufficient moisture, the territories north and south of the equator are located in the subequatorial climatic zone, this is a zone of seasonal (monsoon) moisture and arid desert climate. The extreme north and south are in the subtropical climatic zone, the south receives precipitation brought by air masses from the Indian Ocean, the Kalahari Desert is located here, the north is the minimum amount of precipitation due to the formation of a high pressure area and the peculiarities of the trade wind movement, the largest desert in the world is the Sahara, where the amount precipitation is minimal, in some areas it does not fall at all ...

Resources

Natural resources of Africa

In terms of water resources, Africa is considered one of the poorest continents in the world. The average annual volume of water is only enough to meet the priority needs, but this does not apply to all regions.

Land resources are represented by areas of significant area with fertile lands. Only 20% of all possible land is cultivated. The reason for this is the lack of adequate water volume, soil erosion, etc.

The forests of Africa are a source of timber, including valuable species. The countries in which they grow, raw materials are sent for export. Resources are being used unwisely and ecosystems are gradually being destroyed.

There are mineral deposits in the bowels of Africa. Among those exported: gold, diamonds, uranium, phosphorus, manganese ores. There are significant reserves of oil and natural gas.

Energy-intensive resources are widely represented on the continent, but they are not used due to the lack of proper investment ...

Among the developed industrial spheres of the countries of the African continent, one can note:

the mining industry, which sends mineral raw materials and fuels for export;
the oil refining industry, distributed mainly in South Africa and North Africa;
the chemical industry specializing in the production of mineral fertilizers;
as well as the metallurgical and engineering industries.

The main agricultural products are cocoa beans, coffee, corn, rice and wheat. Oil palm is grown in tropical regions of Africa.

Fishing is developed insignificantly and constitutes only 1 - 2% of the total volume of agriculture. Livestock indicators are also not high and the reason for this is the infection of livestock with tsetse flies ...

The culture

The peoples of Africa: culture and traditions

About 8000 peoples and ethnic groups live on the territory of 62 African countries, for a total of about 1.1 billion people. Africa is considered the cradle and ancestral home of human civilization, it was here that the remains of ancient primates (hominids) were found, which, according to scientists, are considered the ancestors of humans.

Most of the peoples in Africa can number as many as several thousand people, and several hundred, living in one or two villages. 90% of the population are representatives of 120 peoples, their number is more than 1 million people, 2/3 of them are peoples with a population of more than 5 million people, 1/3 are peoples with a population of more than 10 million people (this is 50% of the total population of Africa) are Arabs , Hausa, Fulbe, Yoruba, Igbo, Amhara, Oromo, Rwanda, Malagasy, Zulus ...

There are two historical and ethnographic provinces: North African (predominance of the Indo-European race) and Tropical-African (the majority of the population is a Negroid race), it is divided into such areas as:

West africa... Peoples speaking the languages Mande (Susu, Maninka, Mende, Vai), Chad (Hausa), Nilo-Saharan (Songhai, Kanuri, Tubu, Zagawa, Mawa, etc.), Niger-Congolese languages (Yoruba, Igbo, Bini, nupe, gbari, igala and idoma, ibibio, efik, kambari, birom and jukun, etc.);
Equatorial africa... Inhabited by Buanto-speaking peoples: Douala, Fang, Bubi (Fernandians), Mpongwe, Teke, Mboshi, Ngala, Como, Mongo, Tetela, Cuba, Congo, Ambundu, Ovimbundu, Chokwe, Luena, Tonga, Pygmies, etc .;
South Africa... Rebellious peoples, and speaking the Khoisan languages: Bushmen and Hottentots;
East africa... Bantu, Nilot and Sudanese groups;
Northeast africa... Peoples speaking Ethiosemitic (Amhara, Tiger, Tiger.), Kushite (Oromo, Somalis, Sidamo, Agau, Afar, Konso, etc.) and Omotic languages (Ometo, Gimirra, etc.);
Madagascar... Malagasy and Creoles.

In the North African province, the main peoples are the Arabs and Berbers, belonging to the southern European minor race, mainly professing Sunni Islam. There is also an ethno-religious group of Copts who are direct descendants of the Ancient Egyptians, they are Christians-Monophysites.

African countries

Africa... Welcome to African countries... Get acquainted with the list of countries that are part of African... Their detailed description, geographical position, capitals, flags, currencies and more. Here you can find out what the climate is in these countries, a list of attractions that should be visited. You will find out what rules of customs control should be followed when entering the country. Get to know the peculiarities of the rules of local behavior and find out what dangers should be feared in a particular country.

4. Anthem

listen to national National Anthem of Cape Verde:

5. Currency

National currency of Cape Verde — escudo Cape Verde ( Cabo verde escudo) , letter CVE ... One escudo is formally equal to 100 centavo however coins denominated in centavos are not currently being issued and those previously issued are not legal tender. July 1, 1977 escudos Cape Verde replaced colonial escudo islands Cape Verde , which remained the national currency since the country gained independence on July 5, 1975, the exchange was carried out in a 1: 1 ratio. Currently in circulation there are coins in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 escudo, as well as banknotes in denominations of 200, 500, 1000, 2000 and 5000 escudo... All inscriptions on coins and banknotes (with the exception of the names of species) are in Portuguese.

Use the currency converter below to convert easily and quickly escudos Cape Verde in rubles, dollars, euros or any other currency of the world at the current exchange rate.

coins of Cape Verde

Cape Verde banknotes

6. Cape Verde on the world map

Republic of Cape Verde- a state located on the Cape Verde Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean, about 600 km from the west coast of Africa. Cape Verde Islands are a cluster of 10 large and 8 small islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, divided into the Leeward and Windward groups. The Windward group includes the islands: Santo Antan, San Vicente, San Nicolau, Santa Luzia, Sal, Boavista. The Leeward group includes the islands: Santiago, Brava, Fogu, Mayu. Small islands: Branco, Grande, Dos Passaros, Luis Carneiro, Razu, Santa Maria, Zapadu, Sima. The total area of Cape Verde is 4033 km2.

The relief is mountainous with a large number of extinct and active volcanoes. Rocky shores are difficult to access. There are very few natural harbors, the largest of which is Mindelo. Highest point of the country Republic- acting Fogu volcano (2840 m).

The vegetation of the islands is extremely sparse; For centuries, massive deforestation has affected the depletion of water resources: the river network is on the verge of extinction, short river beds dry up, filling with water only during the rainy season. The islands are seismically active, and earthquakes are frequent.

7. What to see in Cape Verde

Attractions Cape Verde- this is stunning nature, numerous architectural monuments and museums, upscale resort complexes and a unique underwater world. attractions Cape Verde:

Guido do Cavaleiro peak (Santo Antan Island)
Volcano Topu de Corot (Santo Antan Island)
Pico da Cruz mountain range (Santu Antan Island)
Mount Monte-Grande (Sal Island)
wild beaches of Baia das gatas (San Vicente island)
Mindela (MINDELO) - port city
Fishing village Salinas (Fogu Island)
Santa Maria market (Sal Island)
CIDADE VELHA (Santiago Island) is the oldest settlement in Cape Verde
Salt development Pedra de Lume (Sal Island)

8. Largest cities

Ten largest cities Cape Verde:

Praia (Praia) — capital and the largest city island nation Cape Verde located in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Senegal, on the island of Santiago. The population of the capital is 151,435 people.
Mindelo (Mindelo) - the second largest city Cape Verde located in the northwest of the island of São Vicente in the bay of Porto Grande, a natural harbor formed in the crater of an underwater volcano Population of Mindelo 70 610 people.
Eshpargush (Espargos) - main city municipality of the island of Sal, located in the central part of the island. Population of the city of Eshpargush- 17,080 people.
Asomada (Assomada) - a city on the island of Sotavento Santiago. Since 1912, it has been the seat of the municipality of Santa Catarina, which includes the central western part and most of the interior of the island. This is the most Big city in this region Population of Asomad 12,020 people.
Pedra Badejo (Pedra Badejo) - a small town, occupying the 5th place in terms of population in its country (9 490 people).
Porto Novo (Porto Novo) - a city on the island of Santo Antau in Cape Verde, with a population of 9 430 people
Sao Philip (Saint Philip) - city on west coast Fogo Islands. It is the capital of the island and seat of the municipality of São Filipe with a population of 8,190.
Tarrafal (Tarrafal) - a village on the northern coast of Santiago Island, 70 km from the capital of the state, the city of Praia, at the foot of Mount Graciosa6. Population settlement Tarrafal 6 650 people.
Santa maria (Santa Maria) - fishing and tourist town in the south of the island of Sal, with a population of 6,260.
Sal Rey (Sal Rei) - a city on the northwestern coast of Boa Vista island in the eastern part Cape Verde. Sal Rey is the main urban settlement of the island and seat of the municipality of Boa Vista, with a population of 5,400.

9. Climate

Climate in Cape Verde tropical fairly hot and dry. It is coolest in January - February, at this time the average air temperature is + 21 ° C ... + 23 ° C, but in the mountains it can be significantly lower. But in August, the archipelago is blown by southern and south-western winds that bring rain. The air becomes clean and cool, although it is drier in the mountains than on the coast. Daytime air temperature can rise to +36 ° C, and at night drop to + 18 ° C ... + 20 ° C.

The average annual precipitation is 100-300 mm, and their maximum falls on the period from August to October. On the flat islands, precipitation is rare, but in the mountains there are heavy showers, and can reach 500 mm per day. Such downpours destroy the fertile topsoil.

From the sahara, from October to June dry and hot winds blow for several hours a day "Harmattan" bringing with it the heat and the smallest Saharan dust. It hangs in the air for a long time, forming a "dusty fog". The best time for travel to Cape Verde the period from August to October is considered when warm pleasant weather guarantees a comfortable stay.

10. Population

Population of Cape Verde 549 195 people (data as of January 2020). About 70% of the country's inhabitants - creoles(descendants from mixed marriages of Portuguese and Spanish settlers with Africans), 28% are Africans and 1% are Europeans. Each of the 9 inhabited islands can be compared to a miniature racial melting pot with its own cultural characteristics and local dialects that arose from the mixing of Portuguese and various African languages. Thanks to the government's efforts to fight illiteracy, by the mid-1990s, 72% of the population could read and write. Average life expectancy of the female half population of Cape Verde is 73 - 75 years old, and male - 67 - 69 years old.

11. Language

Official languages in Cape Verde are Portuguese and Creole ... In addition to Portuguese, many dialects are used from a mixture of Portuguese and African languages, of which the most common are Creole Criulu (a mixture of Old Portuguese and African Swahili) and kabuverdyanu ... Immigrants from West Africa widely spread the French language on the islands.

12. Religion

Cape Verde is one of the most Catholic countries Africa. Christianity, which has spread here since the middle of the 17th century, is professed by approximately 93% of the population of the islands. Of these, 90% belong to the Roman Catholic Church, 3% are Protestants (mainly parishioners of the Church of Nazareth). 7% of residents Cape Verde adhere to traditional African beliefs, are members of religious sects, or practice Islam.

13. Holidays

National and public holidays in Cape Verde in 2020:

1st of January - New Year
January 13 - Democracy Day
January 20 - Day of Heroes
May 1 - Labor Day
May 10 - Mother's Day
June 1 - Children's Day
June 21 - Father's Day
July 5 - Independence Day
August 15 - Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary
September 12 - National Day
November 1 - All Saints Day
December 25 - Christmas

14. Souvenirs and gifts

Small scroll souvenirs and giftsCape Verde:

african masks
african textiles
clay figurines
bovine horn and coconut products
turtle shell products
carnival costumes
ceramic products painted in accordance with national traditions
carpet runners
a piece of a volcano in the form of an ordinary lava stone on a substrate
wicker baskets
coral and pearl jewelry
animal figurines made of wood

Cape Verde customs regulations do not restrict the transit of foreign currency, and when entering / leaving, filling out a declaration on the import / export of foreign currency is not required. Import and export of local Money prohibited.

Allowed:

Allowed duty-free import of up to 200 cigarettes or 250 grams of tobacco, 2 liters of wine, up to 1 liter of strong alcoholic beverages, 250 ml of perfumery or 50 gr of perfume. Permitted duty-free import and export of fresh fruits and vegetables weighing up to 5 kg, as well as other products and things in quantities intended for personal consumption.

Forbidden:

Prohibited to import weapons, psychotropic and toxic substances, drugs and medicines containing opiates (an exception for those who have a prescription and a doctor's prescription). To the territory Cape Verde it is prohibited to transport plants without additional control procedures and phytosanitary certificates.

16.

Voltage in the electrical network Cape Verde: 220 volt, at a frequency of 50 hertz... Socket type: Type C, Type F.

Dear reader! about Cape Verde, WRITE! "Around the planet step by step"

Zimbabwe (Zimbabwe) or full official name Republic of Zimbabwe (Republic of Zimbabwe) - a state located in the southern part of the African continent. Until 1980, the country was a colony and bore the name Southern Rhodesia , and even earlier on these lands there was an empire Monomotapa , the capital of which was called Zimbabwe. The history of these lands is very interesting and eventful, with a constant struggle against intruders from Portugal, British rule and racial discrimination. However, it was during the era of colonization that the country's economy was on the rise: agriculture, processing and mining industries were actively developing, and today it is among the poorest countries on the planet. Zimbabwe attracts tourists with its natural beauty, national parks, caves with cave paintings of ancient people and of course the famous Victoria Falls.

Zimbabwe - "stone houses"

1. Capital

Capital of Zimbabwe- the most modern and liveliest city in the country Harare (Harare) , located in the northeastern part of the republic, at an altitude of about 1500 m.The city was founded in 1890 by British settlers and until 1982 bore the name Salisbury (Salisbury) ... Since 1898 the city was under a protectorate, and in 1923 Salisbury declared the administrative center of the self-governing colony of Southern Rhodesia, in which the power belonged to the white population. Today Harare is an largest city Zimbabwe, its cultural and industrial center, with wide branching avenues, green parks, glass skyscrapers, perfectly combined with old buildings in the Dutch style. The main attractions of the capital are unique reserves exotic African nature, National Archives and National Gallery Zimbabwe containing paintings by European artists and artworks made by local craftsmen. Near Harare is one of the wonders of nature - Victoria Falls.

2. Flag

Zimbabwe flag is a rectangular panel with seven equal horizontal stripes, with an aspect ratio of 2: 1. The stripes are located on flag in the following order: green, yellow, red, black, red, yellow, green. On the left side of the canvas there is a white equilateral triangle, inside which, against the background of a five-pointed red star, a golden " bird of Zimbabwe " .

Symbolism:

green color symbolizes agriculture in Zimbabwe
yellow - a symbol of wealth in minerals
Red color - blood shed during the war of independence.
black color - ethnicity of indigenous African peoples of Zimbabwe
White color - a symbol of peace
bird - historical heritage Zimbabwe

The stylized image of the bird refers to the valuable archaeological rarities found on the territory of the country - statuettes made of steatite stone, which have become the national symbol of the country. Today the image of the bird of Zimbabwe is minted on coins and placed on the coat of arms of the state.

Coat of arms of Zimbabwe It is a composition in the center of which is a green shield with 14 blue-white waves in the upper part, which is held by two forest kudu antelopes, standing on the top of an earthen mound, consisting of stalks of wheat, cotton, and corn sprouts. Ancient ruins are depicted in the center of the shield Greater Zimbabwe... Behind the shield, on the left side, there is an agricultural hoe and on the right side, a Kalashnikov assault rifle, which are tied together with a twisted golden-green rope. The coat of arms is crowned with a red star and the Bird of Zimbabwe, and at its base is a silver ribbon with the motto in English: « Unity, Freedom, Work » , which in translation means: "Unity, Freedom, Labor" .

Symbolism:

antelope-kudu - a symbol of the unity of various ethnic groups in Zimbabwe
earthen mound - the need for the constant provision of the inhabitants of the country
green shield - the fertile lands of the country and the waters of the republic
Greater Zimbabwe symbolizes the historical heritage of the nation
hoe and machine gun - the fight for peace and democracy, as well as the transition from war to peace
gold and green stripes - national financial companies and protection of the economy
bird - historical heritage Zimbabwe
red five-pointed star - a symbol of revolution, struggle for freedom, hope for a better future